social_media_platform/thesisenv/lib/python3.6/site-packages/Acquisition/tests.py

##############################################################################
#
# Copyright (c) 2003 Zope Foundation and Contributors.
# All Rights Reserved.
#
# This software is subject to the provisions of the Zope Public License,
# Version 2.1 (ZPL).  A copy of the ZPL should accompany this distribution.
# THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS" AND ANY AND ALL EXPRESS OR IMPLIED
# WARRANTIES ARE DISCLAIMED, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED
# WARRANTIES OF TITLE, MERCHANTABILITY, AGAINST INFRINGEMENT, AND FITNESS
# FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.
#
##############################################################################
"""Acquisition test cases (and useful examples)
"""

from __future__ import print_function
import gc
import unittest
import sys
import operator
from doctest import DocTestSuite, DocFileSuite

import ExtensionClass

import Acquisition
from Acquisition import (  # NOQA
    aq_acquire,
    aq_base,
    aq_chain,
    aq_get,
    aq_inContextOf,
    aq_inner,
    aq_parent,
    aq_self,
    Explicit,
    Implicit,
    IS_PYPY,
    IS_PURE,
)

if sys.version_info >= (3,):
    PY3 = True
    PY2 = False

    def unicode(self):
        # For test purposes, redirect the unicode
        # to the type of the object, just like Py2 did
        try:
            return type(self).__unicode__(self)
        except AttributeError as e:
            return type(self).__str__(self)
    long = int
else:
    PY2 = True
    PY3 = False

if 'Acquisition._Acquisition' not in sys.modules:
    CAPI = False
else:
    CAPI = True

MIXIN_POST_CLASS_DEFINITION = True
try:
    class Plain(object):
        pass
    Plain.__bases__ = (ExtensionClass.Base, )
except TypeError:
    # Not supported
    MIXIN_POST_CLASS_DEFINITION = False

AQ_PARENT = unicode('aq_parent')
UNICODE_WAS_CALLED = unicode('unicode was called')
STR_WAS_CALLED = unicode('str was called')
TRUE = unicode('True')


class I(Implicit):

    def __init__(self, id):
        self.id = id

    def __repr__(self):
        return self.id


class E(Explicit):

    def __init__(self, id):
        self.id = id

    def __repr__(self):
        return self.id


class Location(object):
    __parent__ = None


class ECLocation(ExtensionClass.Base):
    __parent__ = None


def show(x):
    print(showaq(x).strip())


def showaq(m_self, indent=''):
    rval = ''
    obj = m_self
    base = getattr(obj, 'aq_base', obj)
    try:
        id = base.id
    except Exception:
        id = str(base)
    try:
        id = id()
    except Exception:
        pass

    if hasattr(obj, 'aq_self'):
        if hasattr(obj.aq_self, 'aq_self'):
            rval = rval + indent + "(" + id + ")\n"
            rval = rval + indent + "|  \\\n"
            rval = rval + showaq(obj.aq_self, '|   ' + indent)
            rval = rval + indent + "|\n"
            rval = rval + showaq(obj.aq_parent, indent)
        elif hasattr(obj, 'aq_parent'):
            rval = rval + indent + id + "\n"
            rval = rval + indent + "|\n"
            rval = rval + showaq(obj.aq_parent, indent)
    else:
        rval = rval + indent + id + "\n"
    return rval


class TestStory(unittest.TestCase):

    def test_story(self):
        # Acquisition is a mechanism that allows objects to obtain
        # attributes from their environment.  It is similar to inheritence,
        # except that, rather than traversing an inheritence hierarchy
        # to obtain attributes, a containment hierarchy is traversed.

        # The "ExtensionClass":ExtensionClass.html. release includes mix-in
        # extension base classes that can be used to add acquisition as a
        # feature to extension subclasses.  These mix-in classes use the
        # context-wrapping feature of ExtensionClasses to implement
        # acquisition. Consider the following example:

        class C(ExtensionClass.Base):
            color = 'red'

        class A(Implicit):
            def report(self):
                return self.color

        a = A()
        c = C()
        c.a = a
        self.assertEqual(c.a.report(), 'red')

        d = C()
        d.color = 'green'
        d.a = a
        self.assertEqual(d.a.report(), 'green')

        with self.assertRaises(AttributeError):
            a.report()

        # The class 'A' inherits acquisition behavior from 'Implicit'.
        # The object, 'a', "has" the color of objects 'c' and 'd'
        # when it is accessed through them, but it has no color by itself.
        # The object 'a' obtains attributes from it's environment, where
        # it's environment is defined by the access path used to reach 'a'.

        # Acquisition wrappers

        # When an object that supports acquisition is accessed through
        # an extension class instance, a special object, called an
        # acquisition wrapper, is returned.  In the example above, the
        # expression 'c.a' returns an acquisition wrapper that
        # contains references to both 'c' and 'a'. It is this wrapper
        # that performs attribute lookup in 'c' when an attribute
        # cannot be found in 'a'.

        # Aquisition wrappers provide access to the wrapped objects
        # through the attributes 'aq_parent', 'aq_self', 'aq_base'.
        # In the example above, the expressions:
        self.assertIs(c.a.aq_parent, c)

        # and:
        self.assertIs(c.a.aq_self, a)

        # both evaluate to true, but the expression:
        self.assertIsNot(c.a, a)

        # evaluates to false, because the expression 'c.a' evaluates
        # to an acquisition wrapper around 'c' and 'a', not 'a' itself.

        # The attribute 'aq_base' is similar to 'aq_self'. Wrappers may be
        # nested and 'aq_self' may be a wrapped object.  The 'aq_base'
        # attribute is the underlying object with all wrappers removed.

        # Acquisition Control

        # Two styles of acquisition are supported in the current
        # ExtensionClass release, implicit and explicit aquisition.

        # Implicit acquisition

        # Implicit acquisition is so named because it searches for
        # attributes from the environment automatically whenever an
        # attribute cannot be obtained directly from an object or
        # through inheritence.

        # An attribute may be implicitly acquired if it's name does
        # not begin with an underscore, '_'.
        # To support implicit acquisition, an object should inherit
        # from the mix-in class 'Implicit'.

        # Explicit Acquisition

        # When explicit acquisition is used, attributes are not
        # automatically obtained from the environment. Instead, the
        # method 'aq_aquire' must be used, as in:
        # print(c.a.aq_acquire('color'))

        # To support explicit acquisition, an object should inherit
        # from the mix-in class 'Explicit'.

        # Controlled Acquisition

        # A class (or instance) can provide attribute by attribute control
        # over acquisition.  This is done by:
        # - subclassing from 'Explicit', and
        # - setting all attributes that should be acquired to the special
        #   value: 'Acquisition.Acquired'.  Setting an attribute to this
        #   value also allows inherited attributes to be overridden with
        #   acquired ones.
        # For example, in:

        class E(Explicit):
            id = 1
            secret = 2
            color = Acquisition.Acquired
            __roles__ = Acquisition.Acquired

        # The *only* attributes that are automatically acquired from
        # containing objects are 'color', and '__roles__'.

        c = C()
        c.foo = 'foo'
        c.e = E()
        self.assertEqual(c.e.color, 'red')
        with self.assertRaises(AttributeError):
            c.e.foo

        # Note also that the '__roles__' attribute is acquired even
        # though it's name begins with an underscore:

        c.__roles__ = 'Manager', 'Member'
        self.assertEqual(c.e.__roles__, ('Manager', 'Member'))

        # In fact, the special 'Acquisition.Acquired' value can be used
        # in 'Implicit' objects to implicitly acquire
        # selected objects that smell like private objects.

        class I(Implicit):
            __roles__ = Acquisition.Acquired

        c.x = C()
        with self.assertRaises(AttributeError):
            c.x.__roles__

        c.x = I()
        self.assertEqual(c.x.__roles__, ('Manager', 'Member'))

        # Filtered Acquisition

        # The acquisition method, 'aq_acquire', accepts two optional
        # arguments. The first of the additional arguments is a
        # "filtering" function that is used when considering whether to
        # acquire an object.  The second of the additional arguments is an
        # object that is passed as extra data when calling the filtering
        # function and which defaults to 'None'.

        # The filter function is called with five arguments:
        # - The object that the 'aq_acquire' method was called on,
        # - The object where an object was found,
        # - The name of the object, as passed to 'aq_acquire',
        # - The object found, and
        # - The extra data passed to 'aq_acquire'.

        # If the filter returns a true object that the object found is
        # returned, otherwise, the acquisition search continues.
        # For example, in:

        class HandyForTesting(object):
            def __init__(self, name):
                self.name = name

            def __str__(self):
                return "%s(%s)" % (self.name, self.__class__.__name__)

            __repr__ = __str__

        class E(Explicit, HandyForTesting):
            pass

        class Nice(HandyForTesting):
            isNice = 1

            def __str__(self):
                return HandyForTesting.__str__(self) + ' and I am nice!'

            __repr__ = __str__

        a = E('a')
        a.b = E('b')
        a.b.c = E('c')
        a.p = Nice('spam')
        a.b.p = E('p')

        def find_nice(self, ancestor, name, object, extra):
            return hasattr(object, 'isNice') and object.isNice

        self.assertEqual(str(a.b.c.aq_acquire('p', find_nice)),
                         'spam(Nice) and I am nice!')

        # The filtered acquisition in the last line skips over the first
        # attribute it finds with the name 'p', because the attribute
        # doesn't satisfy the condition given in the filter.

        # Acquisition and methods

        # Python methods of objects that support acquisition can use
        # acquired attributes as in the 'report' method of the first example
        # above.  When a Python method is called on an object that is
        # wrapped by an acquisition wrapper, the wrapper is passed to the
        # method as the first argument.  This rule also applies to
        # user-defined method types and to C methods defined in pure mix-in
        # classes.

        # Unfortunately, C methods defined in extension base classes that
        # define their own data structures, cannot use aquired attributes at
        # this time.  This is because wrapper objects do not conform to the
        # data structures expected by these methods.

        # Acquiring Acquiring objects

        # Consider the following example:
        class C(Implicit):
            def __init__(self, name):
                self.name = name

            def __str__(self):
                return "%s(%s)" % (self.name, self.__class__.__name__)

            __repr__ = __str__

        a = C("a")
        a.b = C("b")
        a.b.pref = "spam"
        a.b.c = C("c")
        a.b.c.color = "red"
        a.b.c.pref = "eggs"
        a.x = C("x")
        o = a.b.c.x

        # The expression 'o.color' might be expected to return '"red"'. In
        # earlier versions of ExtensionClass, however, this expression
        # failed.  Acquired acquiring objects did not acquire from the
        # environment they were accessed in, because objects were only
        # wrapped when they were first found, and were not rewrapped as they
        # were passed down the acquisition tree.

        # In the current release of ExtensionClass, the expression "o.color"
        # does indeed return '"red"'.
        self.assertEqual(o.color, 'red')

        # When searching for an attribute in 'o', objects are searched in
        # the order 'x', 'a', 'b', 'c'. So, for example, the expression,
        # 'o.pref' returns '"spam"', not '"eggs"':
        self.assertEqual(o.pref, 'spam')

        # In earlier releases of ExtensionClass, the attempt to get the
        # 'pref' attribute from 'o' would have failed.

        # If desired, the current rules for looking up attributes in complex
        # expressions can best be understood through repeated application of
        # the '__of__' method:
        # 'a.x' -- 'x.__of__(a)'
        # 'a.b' -- 'b.__of__(a)'
        # 'a.b.x' -- 'x.__of__(a).__of__(b.__of__(a))'
        # 'a.b.c' -- 'c.__of__(b.__of__(a))'
        # 'a.b.c.x' --
        #     'x.__of__(a).__of__(b.__of__(a)).__of__(c.__of__(b.__of__(a)))'

        # and by keeping in mind that attribute lookup in a wrapper
        # is done by trying to lookup the attribute in the wrapped object
        # first and then in the parent object.  In the expressions above
        # involving the '__of__' method, lookup proceeds from left to right.

        # Note that heuristics are used to avoid most of the repeated
        # lookups. For example, in the expression: 'a.b.c.x.foo', the object
        # 'a' is searched no more than once, even though it is wrapped three
        # times.


def test_unwrapped():
    """
    >>> c = I('unwrapped')
    >>> show(c)
    unwrapped

    >>> try:
    ...     c.aq_parent
    ... except AttributeError:
    ...     pass
    ... else:
    ...     raise AssertionError('AttributeError not raised.')

    >>> try:
    ...     c.__parent__
    ... except AttributeError:
    ...     pass
    ... else:
    ...     raise AssertionError('AttributeError not raised.')

    >>> aq_acquire(c, 'id')
    'unwrapped'

    >>> try:
    ...     aq_acquire(c, 'x')
    ... except AttributeError:
    ...     pass
    ... else:
    ...     raise AssertionError('AttributeError not raised.')

    >>> aq_acquire(c, 'id',
    ...  lambda searched, parent, name, ob, extra: extra)
    Traceback (most recent call last):
    ...
    AttributeError: id

    >>> aq_acquire(c, 'id',
    ...        lambda searched, parent, name, ob, extra: extra,
    ...        1)
    'unwrapped'

    >>> aq_base(c) is c
    1

    >>> aq_chain(c)
    [unwrapped]

    >>> aq_chain(c, 1)
    [unwrapped]

    >>> aq_get(c, 'id')
    'unwrapped'

    >>> try:
    ...     aq_get(c, 'x')
    ... except AttributeError:
    ...     pass
    ... else:
    ...     raise AssertionError('AttributeError not raised.')

    >>> aq_get(c, 'x', 'foo')
    'foo'
    >>> aq_get(c, 'x', 'foo', 1)
    'foo'

    >>> aq_inner(c) is c
    1

    >>> aq_parent(c)

    >>> aq_self(c) is c
    1

    """


def test_simple():
    """
    >>> a = I('a')
    >>> a.y = 42
    >>> a.b = I('b')
    >>> a.b.c = I('c')
    >>> show(a.b.c)
    c
    |
    b
    |
    a

    >>> show(a.b.c.aq_parent)
    b
    |
    a

    >>> show(a.b.c.aq_self)
    c

    >>> show(a.b.c.aq_base)
    c

    >>> show(a.b.c.aq_inner)
    c
    |
    b
    |
    a

    >>> a.b.c.y
    42

    >>> a.b.c.aq_chain
    [c, b, a]

    >>> a.b.c.aq_inContextOf(a)
    1
    >>> a.b.c.aq_inContextOf(a.b)
    1
    >>> a.b.c.aq_inContextOf(a.b.c)
    1

    >>> aq_inContextOf(a.b.c, a)
    1
    >>> aq_inContextOf(a.b.c, a.b)
    1
    >>> aq_inContextOf(a.b.c, a.b.c)
    1


    >>> a.b.c.aq_acquire('y')
    42

    >>> a.b.c.aq_acquire('id')
    'c'

    >>> try:
    ...     a.b.c.aq_acquire('x')
    ... except AttributeError:
    ...     pass
    ... else:
    ...     raise AssertionError('AttributeError not raised.')

    >>> a.b.c.aq_acquire('id',
    ...  lambda searched, parent, name, ob, extra: extra)
    Traceback (most recent call last):
    ...
    AttributeError: id

    >>> aq_acquire(a.b.c, 'id',
    ...        lambda searched, parent, name, ob, extra: extra,
    ...        1)
    'c'

    >>> aq_acquire(a.b.c, 'id')
    'c'

    >>> try:
    ...     aq_acquire(a.b.c, 'x')
    ... except AttributeError:
    ...     pass
    ... else:
    ...     raise AssertionError('AttributeError not raised.')

    >>> aq_acquire(a.b.c, 'y')
    42

    >>> aq_acquire(a.b.c, 'id',
    ...  lambda searched, parent, name, ob, extra: extra)
    Traceback (most recent call last):
    ...
    AttributeError: id

    >>> aq_acquire(a.b.c, 'id',
    ...        lambda searched, parent, name, ob, extra: extra,
    ...        1)
    'c'

    >>> show(aq_base(a.b.c))
    c

    >>> aq_chain(a.b.c)
    [c, b, a]

    >>> aq_chain(a.b.c, 1)
    [c, b, a]

    >>> aq_get(a.b.c, 'id')
    'c'

    >>> try:
    ...     aq_get(a.b.c, 'x')
    ... except AttributeError:
    ...     pass
    ... else:
    ...     raise AssertionError('AttributeError not raised.')

    >>> aq_get(a.b.c, 'x', 'foo')
    'foo'
    >>> aq_get(a.b.c, 'x', 'foo', 1)
    'foo'

    >>> show(aq_inner(a.b.c))
    c
    |
    b
    |
    a

    >>> show(aq_parent(a.b.c))
    b
    |
    a

    >>> show(aq_self(a.b.c))
    c

    A wrapper's __parent__ attribute (which is equivalent to its
    aq_parent attribute) points to the Acquisition parent.

    >>> a.b.c.__parent__ == a.b.c.aq_parent
    True
    >>> a.b.c.__parent__ == a.b
    True
    """


def test_muliple():
    r"""
    >>> a = I('a')
    >>> a.color = 'red'
    >>> a.a1 = I('a1')
    >>> a.a1.color = 'green'
    >>> a.a1.a11 = I('a11')
    >>> a.a2 = I('a2')
    >>> a.a2.a21 = I('a21')
    >>> show(a.a1.a11.a2.a21)
    a21
    |
    (a2)
    |  \
    |   (a2)
    |   |  \
    |   |   a2
    |   |   |
    |   |   a
    |   |
    |   a1
    |   |
    |   a
    |
    a11
    |
    a1
    |
    a

    >>> a.a1.a11.a2.a21.color
    'red'

    >>> show(a.a1.a11.a2.a21.aq_parent)
    (a2)
    |  \
    |   (a2)
    |   |  \
    |   |   a2
    |   |   |
    |   |   a
    |   |
    |   a1
    |   |
    |   a
    |
    a11
    |
    a1
    |
    a

    >>> show(a.a1.a11.a2.a21.aq_parent.aq_parent)
    a11
    |
    a1
    |
    a

    >>> show(a.a1.a11.a2.a21.aq_self)
    a21

    >>> show(a.a1.a11.a2.a21.aq_parent.aq_self)
    (a2)
    |  \
    |   a2
    |   |
    |   a
    |
    a1
    |
    a

    >>> show(a.a1.a11.a2.a21.aq_base)
    a21

    >>> show(a.a1.a11.a2.a21.aq_inner)
    a21
    |
    (a2)
    |  \
    |   (a2)
    |   |  \
    |   |   a2
    |   |   |
    |   |   a
    |   |
    |   a1
    |   |
    |   a
    |
    a11
    |
    a1
    |
    a

    >>> show(a.a1.a11.a2.a21.aq_inner.aq_parent.aq_inner)
    a2
    |
    a

    >>> show(a.a1.a11.a2.a21.aq_inner.aq_parent.aq_inner.aq_parent)
    a

    >>> a.a1.a11.a2.a21.aq_chain
    [a21, a2, a11, a1, a]

    >>> a.a1.a11.a2.a21.aq_inContextOf(a)
    1

    >>> a.a1.a11.a2.a21.aq_inContextOf(a.a2)
    1

    >>> a.a1.a11.a2.a21.aq_inContextOf(a.a1)
    0

    >>> a.a1.a11.a2.a21.aq_acquire('color')
    'red'
    >>> a.a1.a11.a2.a21.aq_acquire('id')
    'a21'

    >>> a.a1.a11.a2.a21.aq_acquire('color',
    ...     lambda ob, parent, name, v, extra: extra)
    Traceback (most recent call last):
    ...
    AttributeError: color

    >>> a.a1.a11.a2.a21.aq_acquire('color',
    ...     lambda ob, parent, name, v, extra: extra, 1)
    'red'

    >>> a.a1.y = 42
    >>> a.a1.a11.a2.a21.aq_acquire('y')
    42

    >>> try:
    ...     a.a1.a11.a2.a21.aq_acquire('y', containment=1)
    ... except AttributeError:
    ...     pass
    ... else:
    ...     raise AssertionError('AttributeError not raised.')

    Much of the same, but with methods:

    >>> show(aq_parent(a.a1.a11.a2.a21))
    (a2)
    |  \
    |   (a2)
    |   |  \
    |   |   a2
    |   |   |
    |   |   a
    |   |
    |   a1
    |   |
    |   a
    |
    a11
    |
    a1
    |
    a

    >>> show(aq_parent(a.a1.a11.a2.a21.aq_parent))
    a11
    |
    a1
    |
    a

    >>> show(aq_self(a.a1.a11.a2.a21))
    a21

    >>> show(aq_self(a.a1.a11.a2.a21.aq_parent))
    (a2)
    |  \
    |   a2
    |   |
    |   a
    |
    a1
    |
    a

    >>> show(aq_base(a.a1.a11.a2.a21))
    a21

    >>> show(aq_inner(a.a1.a11.a2.a21))
    a21
    |
    (a2)
    |  \
    |   (a2)
    |   |  \
    |   |   a2
    |   |   |
    |   |   a
    |   |
    |   a1
    |   |
    |   a
    |
    a11
    |
    a1
    |
    a

    >>> show(aq_inner(a.a1.a11.a2.a21.aq_inner.aq_parent))
    a2
    |
    a

    >>> show(aq_parent(
    ...       a.a1.a11.a2.a21.aq_inner.aq_parent.aq_inner))
    a

    >>> aq_chain(a.a1.a11.a2.a21)
    [a21, a2, a11, a1, a]

    >>> aq_chain(a.a1.a11.a2.a21, 1)
    [a21, a2, a]

    >>> aq_acquire(a.a1.a11.a2.a21, 'color')
    'red'
    >>> aq_acquire(a.a1.a11.a2.a21, 'id')
    'a21'

    >>> aq_acquire(a.a1.a11.a2.a21, 'color',
    ...     lambda ob, parent, name, v, extra: extra)
    Traceback (most recent call last):
    ...
    AttributeError: color

    >>> aq_acquire(a.a1.a11.a2.a21, 'color',
    ...     lambda ob, parent, name, v, extra: extra, 1)
    'red'

    >>> a.a1.y = 42
    >>> aq_acquire(a.a1.a11.a2.a21, 'y')
    42

    >>> try:
    ...     aq_acquire(a.a1.a11.a2.a21, 'y', containment=1)
    ... except AttributeError:
    ...     pass
    ... else:
    ...     raise AssertionError('AttributeError not raised.')
    """


def test_pinball():
    r"""
    >>> a = I('a')
    >>> a.a1 = I('a1')
    >>> a.a1.a11 = I('a11')
    >>> a.a1.a12 = I('a12')
    >>> a.a2 = I('a2')
    >>> a.a2.a21 = I('a21')
    >>> a.a2.a22 = I('a22')
    >>> show(a.a1.a11.a1.a12.a2.a21.a2.a22)
    a22
    |
    (a2)
    |  \
    |   (a2)
    |   |  \
    |   |   a2
    |   |   |
    |   |   a
    |   |
    |   (a2)
    |   |  \
    |   |   (a2)
    |   |   |  \
    |   |   |   a2
    |   |   |   |
    |   |   |   a
    |   |   |
    |   |   (a1)
    |   |   |  \
    |   |   |   (a1)
    |   |   |   |  \
    |   |   |   |   a1
    |   |   |   |   |
    |   |   |   |   a
    |   |   |   |
    |   |   |   a1
    |   |   |   |
    |   |   |   a
    |   |   |
    |   |   a11
    |   |   |
    |   |   a1
    |   |   |
    |   |   a
    |   |
    |   a12
    |   |
    |   (a1)
    |   |  \
    |   |   (a1)
    |   |   |  \
    |   |   |   a1
    |   |   |   |
    |   |   |   a
    |   |   |
    |   |   a1
    |   |   |
    |   |   a
    |   |
    |   a11
    |   |
    |   a1
    |   |
    |   a
    |
    a21
    |
    (a2)
    |  \
    |   (a2)
    |   |  \
    |   |   a2
    |   |   |
    |   |   a
    |   |
    |   (a1)
    |   |  \
    |   |   (a1)
    |   |   |  \
    |   |   |   a1
    |   |   |   |
    |   |   |   a
    |   |   |
    |   |   a1
    |   |   |
    |   |   a
    |   |
    |   a11
    |   |
    |   a1
    |   |
    |   a
    |
    a12
    |
    (a1)
    |  \
    |   (a1)
    |   |  \
    |   |   a1
    |   |   |
    |   |   a
    |   |
    |   a1
    |   |
    |   a
    |
    a11
    |
    a1
    |
    a

    """


def test_explicit():
    """
    >>> a = E('a')
    >>> a.y = 42
    >>> a.b = E('b')
    >>> a.b.c = E('c')
    >>> show(a.b.c)
    c
    |
    b
    |
    a

    >>> show(a.b.c.aq_parent)
    b
    |
    a

    >>> show(a.b.c.aq_self)
    c

    >>> show(a.b.c.aq_base)
    c

    >>> show(a.b.c.aq_inner)
    c
    |
    b
    |
    a

    >>> a.b.c.y
    Traceback (most recent call last):
    ...
    AttributeError: y

    >>> a.b.c.aq_chain
    [c, b, a]

    >>> a.b.c.aq_inContextOf(a)
    1
    >>> a.b.c.aq_inContextOf(a.b)
    1
    >>> a.b.c.aq_inContextOf(a.b.c)
    1


    >>> a.b.c.aq_acquire('y')
    42

    >>> a.b.c.aq_acquire('id')
    'c'

    >>> try:
    ...     a.b.c.aq_acquire('x')
    ... except AttributeError:
    ...     pass
    ... else:
    ...     raise AssertionError('AttributeError not raised.')

    >>> a.b.c.aq_acquire('id',
    ...  lambda searched, parent, name, ob, extra: extra)
    Traceback (most recent call last):
    ...
    AttributeError: id

    >>> aq_acquire(a.b.c, 'id',
    ...        lambda searched, parent, name, ob, extra: extra,
    ...        1)
    'c'

    >>> aq_acquire(a.b.c, 'id')
    'c'

    >>> try:
    ...     aq_acquire(a.b.c, 'x')
    ... except AttributeError:
    ...     pass
    ... else:
    ...     raise AssertionError('AttributeError not raised.')

    >>> aq_acquire(a.b.c, 'y')
    42

    >>> aq_acquire(a.b.c, 'id',
    ...  lambda searched, parent, name, ob, extra: extra)
    Traceback (most recent call last):
    ...
    AttributeError: id

    >>> aq_acquire(a.b.c, 'id',
    ...        lambda searched, parent, name, ob, extra: extra,
    ...        1)
    'c'

    >>> show(aq_base(a.b.c))
    c

    >>> aq_chain(a.b.c)
    [c, b, a]

    >>> aq_chain(a.b.c, 1)
    [c, b, a]

    >>> aq_get(a.b.c, 'id')
    'c'

    >>> try:
    ...     aq_get(a.b.c, 'x')
    ... except AttributeError:
    ...     pass
    ... else:
    ...     raise AssertionError('AttributeError not raised.')

    >>> aq_get(a.b.c, 'y')
    42

    >>> aq_get(a.b.c, 'x', 'foo')
    'foo'
    >>> aq_get(a.b.c, 'x', 'foo', 1)
    'foo'

    >>> show(aq_inner(a.b.c))
    c
    |
    b
    |
    a

    >>> show(aq_parent(a.b.c))
    b
    |
    a

    >>> show(aq_self(a.b.c))
    c

    """


def test_mixed_explicit_and_explicit():
    """
    >>> a = I('a')
    >>> a.y = 42
    >>> a.b = E('b')
    >>> a.b.z = 3
    >>> a.b.c = I('c')
    >>> show(a.b.c)
    c
    |
    b
    |
    a

    >>> show(a.b.c.aq_parent)
    b
    |
    a

    >>> show(a.b.c.aq_self)
    c

    >>> show(a.b.c.aq_base)
    c

    >>> show(a.b.c.aq_inner)
    c
    |
    b
    |
    a

    >>> a.b.c.y
    42

    >>> a.b.c.z
    3

    >>> a.b.c.aq_chain
    [c, b, a]

    >>> a.b.c.aq_inContextOf(a)
    1
    >>> a.b.c.aq_inContextOf(a.b)
    1
    >>> a.b.c.aq_inContextOf(a.b.c)
    1

    >>> a.b.c.aq_acquire('y')
    42

    >>> a.b.c.aq_acquire('z')
    3

    >>> a.b.c.aq_acquire('id')
    'c'

    >>> try:
    ...     a.b.c.aq_acquire('x')
    ... except AttributeError:
    ...     pass
    ... else:
    ...     raise AssertionError('AttributeError not raised.')

    >>> a.b.c.aq_acquire('id',
    ...  lambda searched, parent, name, ob, extra: extra)
    Traceback (most recent call last):
    ...
    AttributeError: id

    >>> aq_acquire(a.b.c, 'id',
    ...        lambda searched, parent, name, ob, extra: extra,
    ...        1)
    'c'

    >>> aq_acquire(a.b.c, 'id')
    'c'

    >>> try:
    ...     aq_acquire(a.b.c, 'x')
    ... except AttributeError:
    ...     pass
    ... else:
    ...     raise AssertionError('AttributeError not raised.')

    >>> aq_acquire(a.b.c, 'y')
    42

    >>> aq_acquire(a.b.c, 'id',
    ...  lambda searched, parent, name, ob, extra: extra)
    Traceback (most recent call last):
    ...
    AttributeError: id

    >>> aq_acquire(a.b.c, 'id',
    ...        lambda searched, parent, name, ob, extra: extra,
    ...        1)
    'c'

    >>> show(aq_base(a.b.c))
    c

    >>> aq_chain(a.b.c)
    [c, b, a]

    >>> aq_chain(a.b.c, 1)
    [c, b, a]

    >>> aq_get(a.b.c, 'id')
    'c'

    >>> try:
    ...     aq_get(a.b.c, 'x')
    ... except AttributeError:
    ...     pass
    ... else:
    ...     raise AssertionError('AttributeError not raised.')

    >>> aq_get(a.b.c, 'y')
    42

    >>> aq_get(a.b.c, 'x', 'foo')
    'foo'
    >>> aq_get(a.b.c, 'x', 'foo', 1)
    'foo'

    >>> show(aq_inner(a.b.c))
    c
    |
    b
    |
    a

    >>> show(aq_parent(a.b.c))
    b
    |
    a

    >>> show(aq_self(a.b.c))
    c

    """


class TestAqAlgorithm(unittest.TestCase):

    def test_AqAlg(self):
        A = I('A')
        B = I('B')
        A.B = B
        A.B.color = 'red'
        C = I('C')
        A.C = C
        D = I('D')
        A.C.D = D

        self.assertEqual(aq_chain(A), [A])
        self.assertEqual(aq_chain(A, 1), [A])
        self.assertEqual(list(map(aq_base, aq_chain(A, 1))), [A])

        self.assertEqual(str(aq_chain(A.C)), str([C, A]))
        self.assertEqual(aq_chain(A.C, 1), [C, A])
        self.assertEqual(list(map(aq_base, aq_chain(A.C, 1))), [C, A])

        self.assertEqual(str(aq_chain(A.C.D)), str([D, C, A]))
        self.assertEqual(aq_chain(A.C.D, 1), [D, C, A])
        self.assertEqual(list(map(aq_base, aq_chain(A.C.D, 1))), [D, C, A])

        self.assertEqual(str(aq_chain(A.B.C)), str([C, B, A]))
        self.assertEqual(aq_chain(A.B.C, 1), [C, A])
        self.assertEqual(list(map(aq_base, aq_chain(A.B.C, 1))), [C, A])

        self.assertEqual(str(aq_chain(A.B.C.D)), str([D, C, B, A]))
        self.assertEqual(aq_chain(A.B.C.D, 1), [D, C, A])
        self.assertEqual(list(map(aq_base, aq_chain(A.B.C.D, 1))), [D, C, A])

        self.assertEqual(A.B.C.D.color, 'red')
        self.assertEqual(aq_get(A.B.C.D, "color", None), 'red')
        self.assertIsNone(aq_get(A.B.C.D, "color", None, 1))


class TestExplicitAcquisition(unittest.TestCase):

    def test_explicit_acquisition(self):
        from ExtensionClass import Base

        class B(Base):
            color = 'red'

        class A(Explicit):
            def hi(self):
                return self.acquire('color')

        b = B()
        b.a = A()
        self.assertEqual(b.a.hi(), 'red')

        b.a.color = 'green'
        self.assertEqual(b.a.hi(), 'green')

        with self.assertRaises(AttributeError):
            A().hi()


class TestCreatingWrappers(unittest.TestCase):

    def test_creating_wrappers_directly(self):
        from ExtensionClass import Base
        from Acquisition import ImplicitAcquisitionWrapper

        class B(Base):
            pass

        a = B()
        a.color = 'red'
        a.b = B()
        w = ImplicitAcquisitionWrapper(a.b, a)
        self.assertEqual(w.color, 'red')

        with self.assertRaises(TypeError):
            ImplicitAcquisitionWrapper(a.b)

        # We can reassign aq_parent / __parent__ on a wrapper:

        x = B()
        x.color = 'green'
        w.aq_parent = x
        self.assertEqual(w.color, 'green')

        y = B()
        y.color = 'blue'
        w.__parent__ = y
        self.assertEqual(w.color, 'blue')

        # Note that messing with the wrapper won't in any way affect the
        # wrapped object:

        with self.assertRaises(AttributeError):
            aq_base(w).__parent__

        with self.assertRaises(TypeError):
            ImplicitAcquisitionWrapper()

        with self.assertRaises(TypeError):
            ImplicitAcquisitionWrapper(obj=1)


class TestPickle(unittest.TestCase):

    def test_cant_pickle_acquisition_wrappers_classic(self):
        import pickle

        class X(object):
            def __getstate__(self):
                return 1

        # We shouldn't be able to pickle wrappers:

        from Acquisition import ImplicitAcquisitionWrapper
        w = ImplicitAcquisitionWrapper(X(), X())
        with self.assertRaises(TypeError):
            pickle.dumps(w)

        # But that's not enough. We need to defeat persistence as well. :)
        # This is tricky. We want to generate the error in __getstate__, not
        # in the attr access, as attribute errors are too-often hidden:

        getstate = w.__getstate__
        with self.assertRaises(TypeError):
            getstate()

        # We shouldn't be able to pickle wrappers:

        from Acquisition import ExplicitAcquisitionWrapper
        w = ExplicitAcquisitionWrapper(X(), X())
        with self.assertRaises(TypeError):
            pickle.dumps(w)

        # But that's not enough. We need to defeat persistence as well. :)
        # This is tricky. We want to generate the error in __getstate__, not
        # in the attr access, as attribute errors are too-often hidden:

        getstate = w.__getstate__
        with self.assertRaises(TypeError):
            getstate()

    def test_cant_pickle_acquisition_wrappers_newstyle(self):
        import pickle

        class X(object):
            def __getstate__(self):
                return 1

        # We shouldn't be able to pickle wrappers:

        from Acquisition import ImplicitAcquisitionWrapper
        w = ImplicitAcquisitionWrapper(X(), X())
        with self.assertRaises(TypeError):
            pickle.dumps(w)

        # But that's not enough. We need to defeat persistence as well. :)
        # This is tricky. We want to generate the error in __getstate__, not
        # in the attr access, as attribute errors are too-often hidden:

        getstate = w.__getstate__
        with self.assertRaises(TypeError):
            getstate()

        # We shouldn't be able to pickle wrappers:

        from Acquisition import ExplicitAcquisitionWrapper
        w = ExplicitAcquisitionWrapper(X(), X())
        with self.assertRaises(TypeError):
            pickle.dumps(w)

        # But that's not enough. We need to defeat persistence as well. :)
        # This is tricky. We want to generate the error in __getstate__, not
        # in the attr access, as attribute errors are too-often hidden:

        getstate = w.__getstate__
        with self.assertRaises(TypeError):
            getstate()

    def test_cant_persist_acquisition_wrappers_classic(self):
        try:
            import cPickle
        except ImportError:
            import pickle as cPickle

        class X(object):
            _p_oid = '1234'

            def __getstate__(self):
                return 1

        # We shouldn't be able to pickle wrappers:

        from Acquisition import ImplicitAcquisitionWrapper
        w = ImplicitAcquisitionWrapper(X(), X())
        with self.assertRaises(TypeError):
            cPickle.dumps(w)

        # Check for pickle protocol one:

        with self.assertRaises(TypeError):
            cPickle.dumps(w, 1)

        # Check custom pickler:

        from io import BytesIO
        file = BytesIO()
        pickler = cPickle.Pickler(file, 1)

        with self.assertRaises(TypeError):
            pickler.dump(w)

        # Check custom pickler with a persistent_id method matching
        # the semantics in ZODB.serialize.ObjectWriter.persistent_id:

        file = BytesIO()
        pickler = cPickle.Pickler(file, 1)

        def persistent_id(obj):
            if not hasattr(obj, '_p_oid'):
                return None
            klass = type(obj)
            oid = obj._p_oid
            if hasattr(klass, '__getnewargs__'):
                # Coverage, make sure it can be called
                assert klass.__getnewargs__(obj) == ()
                return oid
            return 'class_and_oid', klass

        try:
            pickler.inst_persistent_id = persistent_id
        except AttributeError:
            pass
        pickler.persistent_id = persistent_id  # PyPy and Py3k
        pickler.dump(w)
        state = file.getvalue()
        self.assertTrue(b'1234' in state)
        self.assertFalse(b'class_and_oid' in state)

    def test_cant_persist_acquisition_wrappers_newstyle(self):
        try:
            import cPickle
        except ImportError:
            import pickle as cPickle

        class X(object):
            _p_oid = '1234'

            def __getstate__(self):
                return 1

        # We shouldn't be able to pickle wrappers:

        from Acquisition import ImplicitAcquisitionWrapper
        w = ImplicitAcquisitionWrapper(X(), X())
        with self.assertRaises(TypeError):
            cPickle.dumps(w)

        # Check for pickle protocol one:

        with self.assertRaises(TypeError):
            cPickle.dumps(w, 1)

        # Check custom pickler:

        from io import BytesIO
        file = BytesIO()
        pickler = cPickle.Pickler(file, 1)

        with self.assertRaises(TypeError):
            pickler.dump(w)

        # Check custom pickler with a persistent_id method matching
        # the semantics in ZODB.serialize.ObjectWriter.persistent_id:

        file = BytesIO()
        pickler = cPickle.Pickler(file, 1)

        def persistent_id(obj):
            if not hasattr(obj, '_p_oid'):
                return None
            klass = type(obj)
            oid = obj._p_oid
            if hasattr(klass, '__getnewargs__'):
                return oid
            return 'class_and_oid', klass

        try:
            pickler.inst_persistent_id = persistent_id
        except AttributeError:
            pass

        pickler.persistent_id = persistent_id  # PyPy and Py3k
        pickler.dump(w)
        state = file.getvalue()
        self.assertTrue(b'1234' in state)
        self.assertFalse(b'class_and_oid' in state)


class TestInterfaces(unittest.TestCase):

    def test_interfaces(self):
        from zope.interface.verify import verifyClass

        # Explicit and Implicit implement IAcquirer:
        from Acquisition.interfaces import IAcquirer
        self.assertTrue(verifyClass(IAcquirer, Explicit))
        self.assertTrue(verifyClass(IAcquirer, Implicit))

        # ExplicitAcquisitionWrapper and ImplicitAcquisitionWrapper implement
        # IAcquisitionWrapper:

        from Acquisition import ExplicitAcquisitionWrapper
        from Acquisition import ImplicitAcquisitionWrapper
        from Acquisition.interfaces import IAcquisitionWrapper
        self.assertTrue(
            verifyClass(IAcquisitionWrapper, ExplicitAcquisitionWrapper))
        self.assertTrue(
            verifyClass(IAcquisitionWrapper, ImplicitAcquisitionWrapper))


class TestMixin(unittest.TestCase):

    @unittest.skipUnless(MIXIN_POST_CLASS_DEFINITION,
                         'Changing __bases__ is not supported.')
    def test_mixin_post_class_definition(self):
        # Assigning to __bases__ is difficult under some versions of python.
        # PyPy usually lets it, but CPython (3 esp) may not.
        # In this example, you get:
        #   "TypeError: __bases__ assignment:
        #   'Base' deallocator differs from 'object'"
        # I don't know what the workaround is; the old one of using a dummy
        # superclass no longer works. See http://bugs.python.org/issue672115

        # Mixing in Base after class definition doesn't break anything,
        # but also doesn't result in any wrappers.
        from ExtensionClass import Base

        class Plain(object):
            pass

        self.assertEqual(Plain.__bases__, (object, ))
        Plain.__bases__ = (Base, )
        self.assertIsInstance(Plain(), Base)

        # Even after mixing in that base, when we request such an object
        # from an implicit acquiring base, it doesn't come out wrapped:
        class I(Implicit):
            pass

        root = I()
        root.a = I()
        root.a.b = Plain()
        self.assertIsInstance(root.a.b, Plain)

        # This is because after the mixin, even though Plain is-a Base,
        # it's still not an Explicit/Implicit acquirer and provides
        # neither the `__of__` nor `__get__` methods necessary.
        # `__get__` is added as a consequence of
        # `__of__` at class creation time):
        self.assertFalse(hasattr(Plain, '__get__'))
        self.assertFalse(hasattr(Plain, '__of__'))

    def test_mixin_base(self):
        # We can mix-in Base as part of multiple inheritance.
        from ExtensionClass import Base

        class MyBase(object):
            pass

        class MixedIn(Base, MyBase):
            pass

        self.assertEqual(MixedIn.__bases__, (Base, MyBase))
        self.assertIsInstance(MixedIn(), Base)

        # Because it's not an acquiring object and doesn't provide `__of__`
        # or `__get__`, when accessed from implicit contexts it doesn't come
        # out wrapped:
        class I(Implicit):
            pass

        root = I()
        root.a = I()
        root.a.b = MixedIn()
        self.assertIsInstance(root.a.b, MixedIn)

        # This is because after the mixin, even though Plain is-a Base,
        # it doesn't provide the `__of__` method used for wrapping, and so
        # the class definition code that would add the `__get__` method also
        # doesn't run:
        self.assertFalse(hasattr(MixedIn, '__of__'))
        self.assertFalse(hasattr(MixedIn, '__get__'))


class TestGC(unittest.TestCase):
    # Tests both `__del__` being called and GC collection.
    # Note that PyPy always reports 0 collected objects even
    # though we can see its finalizers run.

    # Not PyPy
    SUPPORTS_GC_THRESHOLD = hasattr(gc, 'get_threshold')

    if SUPPORTS_GC_THRESHOLD:
        def setUp(self):
            self.thresholds = gc.get_threshold()
            gc.set_threshold(0)

        def tearDown(self):
            gc.set_threshold(*self.thresholds)

    def test_Basic_gc(self):
        # Test to make sure that EC instances participate in GC.
        from ExtensionClass import Base

        for B in I, E:
            counter = [0]

            class C1(B):
                pass

            class C2(Base):
                def __del__(self, counter=counter):
                    counter[0] += 1

            a = C1('a')
            a.b = C1('a.b')
            a.b.a = a
            a.b.c = C2()
            gc.collect()
            del a
            removed = gc.collect()
            if self.SUPPORTS_GC_THRESHOLD:
                self.assertTrue(removed > 0)
            self.assertEqual(counter[0], 1)

    def test_Wrapper_gc(self):
        # Test to make sure that EC instances participate in GC.
        for B in I, E:
            counter = [0]

            class C(object):
                def __del__(self, counter=counter):
                    counter[0] += 1

            a = B('a')
            a.b = B('b')
            a.a_b = a.b  # circular reference through wrapper
            a.b.c = C()
            gc.collect()
            del a
            removed = gc.collect()
            if self.SUPPORTS_GC_THRESHOLD:
                self.assertTrue(removed > 0)
            self.assertEqual(counter[0], 1)


def test_container_proxying():
    """Make sure that recent python container-related slots are proxied.

    >>> import sys
    >>> class Impl(Implicit):
    ...     pass

    >>> class C(Implicit):
    ...     def __getitem__(self, key):
    ...         if isinstance(key, slice):
    ...             print('slicing...')
    ...             return (key.start,key.stop)
    ...         print('getitem', key)
    ...         if key == 4:
    ...             raise IndexError
    ...         return key
    ...     def __contains__(self, key):
    ...         print('contains', repr(key))
    ...         return key == 5
    ...     def __iter__(self):
    ...         print('iterating...')
    ...         return iter((42,))
    ...     def __getslice__(self, start, end):
    ...         print('slicing...')
    ...         return (start, end)

    The naked class behaves like this:

    >>> c = C()
    >>> 3 in c
    contains 3
    False
    >>> 5 in c
    contains 5
    True
    >>> list(c)
    iterating...
    [42]
    >>> c[5:10]
    slicing...
    (5, 10)
    >>> c[5:] == (5, sys.maxsize if PY2 else None)
    slicing...
    True

    Let's put c in the context of i:

    >>> i = Impl()
    >>> i.c = c

    Now check that __contains__ is properly used:

    >>> 3 in i.c # c.__of__(i)
    contains 3
    False
    >>> 5 in i.c
    contains 5
    True
    >>> list(i.c)
    iterating...
    [42]
    >>> i.c[5:10]
    slicing...
    (5, 10)
    >>> i.c[5:] == (5, sys.maxsize if PY2 else None)
    slicing...
    True

    Let's let's test the same again with an explicit wrapper:

    >>> class Impl(Explicit):
    ...     pass

    >>> class C(Explicit):
    ...     def __getitem__(self, key):
    ...         if isinstance(key, slice):
    ...             print('slicing...')
    ...             return (key.start,key.stop)
    ...         print('getitem', key)
    ...         if key == 4:
    ...             raise IndexError
    ...         return key
    ...     def __contains__(self, key):
    ...         print('contains', repr(key))
    ...         return key == 5
    ...     def __iter__(self):
    ...         print('iterating...')
    ...         return iter((42,))
    ...     def __getslice__(self, start, end):
    ...         print('slicing...')
    ...         return (start, end)

    The naked class behaves like this:

    >>> c = C()
    >>> 3 in c
    contains 3
    False
    >>> 5 in c
    contains 5
    True
    >>> list(c)
    iterating...
    [42]
    >>> c[5:10]
    slicing...
    (5, 10)
    >>> c[5:] == (5, sys.maxsize if PY2 else None)
    slicing...
    True

    Let's put c in the context of i:

    >>> i = Impl()
    >>> i.c = c

    Now check that __contains__ is properly used:

    >>> 3 in i.c # c.__of__(i)
    contains 3
    False
    >>> 5 in i.c
    contains 5
    True
    >>> list(i.c)
    iterating...
    [42]
    >>> i.c[5:10]
    slicing...
    (5, 10)
    >>> i.c[5:] == (5, sys.maxsize if PY2 else None)
    slicing...
    True

    Next let's check that the wrapper's __iter__ proxy falls back
    to using the object's __getitem__ if it has no __iter__.  See
    https://bugs.launchpad.net/zope2/+bug/360761 .

    >>> class C(Implicit):
    ...     l=[1,2,3]
    ...     def __getitem__(self, i):
    ...         return self.l[i]

    >>> c1 = C()
    >>> type(iter(c1)) #doctest: +ELLIPSIS
    <... '...iterator'>
    >>> list(c1)
    [1, 2, 3]

    >>> c2 = C().__of__(c1)
    >>> type(iter(c2)) #doctest: +ELLIPSIS
    <... '...iterator'>
    >>> list(c2)
    [1, 2, 3]

    The __iter__proxy should also pass the wrapped object as self to
    the __iter__ of objects defining __iter__:

    >>> class C(Implicit):
    ...     def __iter__(self):
    ...         print('iterating...')
    ...         for i in range(5):
    ...             yield i, self.aq_parent.name
    >>> c = C()
    >>> i = Impl()
    >>> i.c = c
    >>> i.name = 'i'
    >>> list(i.c)
    iterating...
    [(0, 'i'), (1, 'i'), (2, 'i'), (3, 'i'), (4, 'i')]

    And it should pass the wrapped object as self to
    the __getitem__ of objects without an __iter__:

    >>> class C(Implicit):
    ...     def __getitem__(self, i):
    ...         return self.aq_parent.l[i]
    >>> c = C()
    >>> i = Impl()
    >>> i.c = c
    >>> i.l = range(5)
    >>> list(i.c)
    [0, 1, 2, 3, 4]

    Finally let's make sure errors are still correctly raised after having
    to use a modified version of `PyObject_GetIter` for iterator support:

    >>> class C(Implicit):
    ...     pass
    >>> c = C()
    >>> i = Impl()
    >>> i.c = c
    >>> list(i.c) #doctest: +ELLIPSIS
    Traceback (most recent call last):
      ...
    TypeError: ...iter...

    >>> class C(Implicit):
    ...     def __iter__(self):
    ...         return [42]
    >>> c = C()
    >>> i = Impl()
    >>> i.c = c
    >>> list(i.c) #doctest: +ELLIPSIS
    Traceback (most recent call last):
      ...
    TypeError: iter() returned non-iterator...

    """


class TestAqParentParentInteraction(unittest.TestCase):

    def test___parent__no_wrappers(self):
        # Acquisition also works with objects that aren't wrappers, as long
        # as they have __parent__ pointers.  Let's take a hierarchy like
        # z --isParent--> y --isParent--> x:
        x = Location()
        y = Location()
        z = Location()
        x.__parent__ = y
        y.__parent__ = z

        # and some attributes that we want to acquire:
        x.hello = 'world'
        y.foo = 42
        z.foo = 43  # this should not be found
        z.bar = 3.145

        # ``aq_acquire`` works as we know it from implicit/acquisition
        # wrappers:
        self.assertEqual(aq_acquire(x, 'hello'), 'world')
        self.assertEqual(aq_acquire(x, 'foo'), 42)
        self.assertEqual(aq_acquire(x, 'bar'), 3.145)

        # as does ``aq_get``:
        self.assertEqual(aq_get(x, 'hello'), 'world')
        self.assertEqual(aq_get(x, 'foo'), 42)
        self.assertEqual(aq_get(x, 'bar'), 3.145)

        # and ``aq_parent``:
        self.assertIs(aq_parent(x), y)
        self.assertIs(aq_parent(y), z)

        # as well as ``aq_chain``:
        self.assertEqual(aq_chain(x), [x, y, z])

    def test_implicit_wrapper_as___parent__(self):
        # Let's do the same test again, only now not all objects are of the
        # same kind and link to each other via __parent__ pointers.  The
        # root is a stupid ExtensionClass object:
        class Root(ExtensionClass.Base):
            bar = 3.145
        z = Root()

        # The intermediate parent is an object that supports implicit
        # acquisition.  We bind it to the root via the __of__ protocol:
        class Impl(Implicit):
            foo = 42
        y = Impl().__of__(z)

        # The child object is again a simple object with a simple __parent__
        # pointer:
        x = Location()
        x.hello = 'world'
        x.__parent__ = y

        # ``aq_acquire`` works as expected from implicit/acquisition
        # wrappers:
        self.assertEqual(aq_acquire(x, 'hello'), 'world')
        self.assertEqual(aq_acquire(x, 'foo'), 42)
        self.assertEqual(aq_acquire(x, 'bar'), 3.145)

        # as does ``aq_get``:
        self.assertEqual(aq_get(x, 'hello'), 'world')
        self.assertEqual(aq_get(x, 'foo'), 42)
        self.assertEqual(aq_get(x, 'bar'), 3.145)

        # and ``aq_parent``:
        self.assertIs(aq_parent(x), y)
        self.assertIs(aq_parent(y), z)

        # as well as ``aq_chain``:
        self.assertEqual(aq_chain(x), [x, y, z])

        # Note that also the (implicit) acquisition wrapper has a __parent__
        # pointer, which is automatically computed from the acquisition
        # container (it's identical to aq_parent):
        self.assertIs(y.__parent__, z)

        # Just as much as you can assign to aq_parent, you can also assign
        # to __parent__ to change the acquisition context of the wrapper:

        newroot = Root()
        y.__parent__ = newroot
        self.assertIsNot(y.__parent__, z)
        self.assertIs(y.__parent__, newroot)

        # Note that messing with the wrapper won't in any way affect the
        # wrapped object:
        with self.assertRaises(AttributeError):
            aq_base(y).__parent__

    def test_explicit_wrapper_as___parent__(self):
        # Let's do this test yet another time, with an explicit wrapper:
        class Root(ExtensionClass.Base):
            bar = 3.145
        z = Root()

        # The intermediate parent is an object that supports implicit
        # acquisition.  We bind it to the root via the __of__ protocol:
        class Expl(Explicit):
            foo = 42
        y = Expl().__of__(z)

        # The child object is again a simple object with a simple __parent__
        # pointer:
        x = Location()
        x.hello = 'world'
        x.__parent__ = y

        # ``aq_acquire`` works as expected from implicit/acquisition
        # wrappers:
        self.assertEqual(aq_acquire(x, 'hello'), 'world')
        self.assertEqual(aq_acquire(x, 'foo'), 42)
        self.assertEqual(aq_acquire(x, 'bar'), 3.145)

        # as does ``aq_get``:
        self.assertEqual(aq_get(x, 'hello'), 'world')
        self.assertEqual(aq_get(x, 'foo'), 42)
        self.assertEqual(aq_get(x, 'bar'), 3.145)

        # and ``aq_parent``:
        self.assertIs(aq_parent(x), y)
        self.assertIs(aq_parent(y), z)

        # as well as ``aq_chain``:
        self.assertEqual(aq_chain(x), [x, y, z])

        # Note that also the (explicit) acquisition wrapper has a __parent__
        # pointer, which is automatically computed from the acquisition
        # container (it's identical to aq_parent):
        self.assertIs(y.__parent__, z)

        # Just as much as you can assign to aq_parent, you can also assign
        # to __parent__ to change the acquisition context of the wrapper:
        newroot = Root()
        y.__parent__ = newroot
        self.assertIsNot(y.__parent__, z)
        self.assertIs(y.__parent__, newroot)

        # Note that messing with the wrapper won't in any way affect the
        # wrapped object:
        with self.assertRaises(AttributeError):
            aq_base(y).__parent__

    def test_implicit_wrapper_has_nonwrapper_as_aq_parent(self):
        # Let's do this the other way around: The root and the
        # intermediate parent is an object that doesn't support acquisition,
        y = ECLocation()
        z = Location()
        y.__parent__ = z
        y.foo = 42
        z.foo = 43  # this should not be found
        z.bar = 3.145

        # only the outmost object does:
        class Impl(Implicit):
            hello = 'world'
        x = Impl().__of__(y)

        # Again, acquiring objects works as usual:
        self.assertEqual(aq_acquire(x, 'hello'), 'world')
        self.assertEqual(aq_acquire(x, 'foo'), 42)
        self.assertEqual(aq_acquire(x, 'bar'), 3.145)

        # as does ``aq_get``:
        self.assertEqual(aq_get(x, 'hello'), 'world')
        self.assertEqual(aq_get(x, 'foo'), 42)
        self.assertEqual(aq_get(x, 'bar'), 3.145)

        # and ``aq_parent``:
        self.assertEqual(aq_parent(x), y)
        self.assertIs(aq_parent(y), z)
        self.assertEqual(x.aq_parent, y)
        self.assertEqual(x.aq_parent.aq_parent, z)

        # as well as ``aq_chain``:
        self.assertEqual(aq_chain(x), [x, y, z])
        self.assertEqual(x.aq_chain, [x, y, z])

        # Because the outmost object, ``x``, is wrapped in an implicit
        # acquisition wrapper, we can also use direct attribute access:
        self.assertEqual(x.hello, 'world')
        self.assertEqual(x.foo, 42)
        self.assertEqual(x.bar, 3.145)

    def test_explicit_wrapper_has_nonwrapper_as_aq_parent(self):
        # Let's do this the other way around: The root and the
        # intermediate parent is an object that doesn't support acquisition,

        y = ECLocation()
        z = Location()
        y.__parent__ = z
        y.foo = 42
        z.foo = 43  # this should not be found
        z.bar = 3.145

        # only the outmost object does:
        class Expl(Explicit):
            hello = 'world'
        x = Expl().__of__(y)

        # Again, acquiring objects works as usual:
        self.assertEqual(aq_acquire(x, 'hello'), 'world')
        self.assertEqual(aq_acquire(x, 'foo'), 42)
        self.assertEqual(aq_acquire(x, 'bar'), 3.145)

        # as does ``aq_get``:
        self.assertEqual(aq_get(x, 'hello'), 'world')
        self.assertEqual(aq_get(x, 'foo'), 42)
        self.assertEqual(aq_get(x, 'bar'), 3.145)

        # and ``aq_parent``:
        self.assertEqual(aq_parent(x), y)
        self.assertIs(aq_parent(y), z)
        self.assertEqual(x.aq_parent, y)
        self.assertEqual(x.aq_parent.aq_parent, z)

        # as well as ``aq_chain``:
        self.assertEqual(aq_chain(x), [x, y, z])
        self.assertEqual(x.aq_chain, [x, y, z])


class TestParentCircles(unittest.TestCase):

    def test___parent__aq_parent_circles(self):
        # As a general safety belt, Acquisition won't follow a mixture of
        # circular __parent__ pointers and aq_parent wrappers.  These can
        # occurr when code that uses implicit acquisition wrappers meets
        # code that uses __parent__ pointers.
        class Impl(Implicit):
            hello = 'world'

        class Impl2(Implicit):
            hello = 'world2'
            only = 'here'

        x = Impl()
        y = Impl2().__of__(x)
        x.__parent__ = y

        self.assertTrue(x.__parent__.aq_base is y.aq_base)
        self.assertTrue(aq_parent(x) is y)
        self.assertTrue(x.__parent__.__parent__ is x)

        self.assertEqual(x.hello, 'world')
        self.assertEqual(aq_acquire(x, 'hello'), 'world')

        with self.assertRaises(AttributeError):
            x.only

        self.assertEqual(aq_acquire(x, 'only'), 'here')

        with self.assertRaises(AttributeError):
            aq_acquire(x, 'non_existant_attr')

        with self.assertRaises(RuntimeError):
            aq_acquire(y, 'non_existant_attr')

        with self.assertRaises(AttributeError):
            x.non_existant_attr

        with self.assertRaises(RuntimeError):
            y.non_existant_attr

    @unittest.skipUnless(
        hasattr(Acquisition.ImplicitAcquisitionWrapper, '_obj'),
        'Pure Python specific test')
    def test_python_impl_cycle(self):
        # An extra safety belt, specific to the Python implementation
        # because it's not clear how one could arrive in this situation
        # naturally.
        class Impl(Implicit):
            pass

        root = Impl()
        root.child = Impl()
        child_wrapper = root.child

        # Now set up the python specific boo-boo:
        child_wrapper._obj = child_wrapper

        # Now nothing works:

        with self.assertRaises(RuntimeError):
            child_wrapper.non_existant_attr

        with self.assertRaises(RuntimeError):
            aq_acquire(child_wrapper, 'non_existant_attr')

    def test_unwrapped_implicit_acquirer_unwraps__parent__(self):
        # Set up an implicit acquirer with a parent:
        class Impl(Implicit):
            pass

        y = Impl()
        x = Impl()
        x.__parent__ = y

        # Now if we retrieve the parent from the (unwrapped) instance, the
        # parent should not be wrapped in the instance's acquisition chain.
        self.assertIs(x.__parent__, y)


class TestBugs(unittest.TestCase):

    def test__iter__after_AttributeError(self):
        # See https://bugs.launchpad.net/zope2/+bug/1155760
        import time

        class C(Implicit):
            l = [0, 1, 2, 3, 4]

            def __getitem__(self, i):
                return self.l[i]

        a = C()
        b = C().__of__(a)
        try:
            for n in b:
                time.gmtime()
        except AttributeError:
            raise


class TestSpecialNames(unittest.TestCase):

    def test_special_names(self):
        # This test captures some aq_special names that are not otherwise
        # tested for.
        class Impl(Implicit):
            pass

        root = Impl()
        root.child = Impl()

        # First, the 'aq_explicit' name returns an explicit wrapper
        # instead of an explicit wrapper:
        ex_wrapper = root.child.aq_explicit
        self.assertIsInstance(
            ex_wrapper, Acquisition.ExplicitAcquisitionWrapper)

        # If we ask an explicit wrapper to be explicit, we get back
        # the same object:
        self.assertIs(ex_wrapper.aq_explicit, ex_wrapper.aq_explicit)

        # These special names can also be filtered:
        self.assertIsNone(
            aq_acquire(root.child, 'aq_explicit',
                       lambda searched, parent, name, ob, extra: None,
                       default=None))

        self.assertIsNotNone(
            aq_acquire(root.child, 'aq_explicit',
                       lambda searched, parent, name, ob, extra: True,
                       default=None))

        # Last, a value that can be used for testing that you have a wrapper:
        self.assertEqual(root.child.aq_uncle, 'Bob')


class TestWrapper(unittest.TestCase):

    def test_deleting_parent_attrs(self):
        # We can detach a wrapper object from its chain by deleting its
        # parent.

        class Impl(Implicit):
            pass

        root = Impl()
        root.a = 42
        root.child = Impl()

        # Initially, a wrapped object has the parent we expect:
        child_wrapper = root.child
        self.assertIs(child_wrapper.__parent__, root)
        self.assertIs(child_wrapper.aq_parent, root)

        # Even though we acquired the 'a' attribute, we can't delete it:
        self.assertEqual(child_wrapper.a, 42)
        with self.assertRaises(AttributeError):
            del child_wrapper.a

        # Now if we delete it (as many times as we want)
        # we lose access to the parent and acquired attributes:
        del child_wrapper.__parent__
        del child_wrapper.aq_parent

        self.assertIs(child_wrapper.__parent__, None)
        self.assertIs(child_wrapper.aq_parent, None)
        self.assertFalse(hasattr(child_wrapper, 'a'))

    def test__cmp__is_called_on_wrapped_object(self):
        # If we define an object that implements `__cmp__`:
        class Impl(Implicit):
            def __cmp__(self, other):
                return self.a

        # Then it gets called when a wrapper is compared (we call it
        # directly to avoid any Python2/3 issues):
        root = Impl()
        root.a = 42
        root.child = Impl()
        self.assertEqual(root.child.a, 42)
        self.assertEqual(root.child.__cmp__(None), 42)

    def test_wrapped_methods_have_correct_self(self):
        # Getting a method from a wrapper returns an object that uses the
        # wrapper as its `__self__`, no matter how many layers deep we go;
        # this makes acquisition work in that code.

        class Impl(Implicit):
            def method(self):
                return self.a

        root = Impl()
        root.a = 42
        root.child = Impl()
        root.child.child = Impl()

        # We explicitly construct a wrapper to bypass some of the optimizations
        # that remove redundant wrappers and thus get more full code coverage:
        child_wrapper = Acquisition.ImplicitAcquisitionWrapper(
            root.child.child, root.child)
        method = child_wrapper.method
        self.assertIs(method.__self__, child_wrapper)
        self.assertEqual(method(), 42)

    def test_cannot_set_attributes_on_empty_wrappers(self):
        # If a wrapper is around None, no attributes can be set on it:
        wrapper = Acquisition.ImplicitAcquisitionWrapper(None, None)

        with self.assertRaises(AttributeError):
            wrapper.a = 42

        # Likewise, we can't really get any attributes on such an empty wrapper
        with self.assertRaises(AttributeError):
            wrapper.a

    def test_getitem_setitem_not_implemented(self):
        # If a wrapper wraps something that doesn't implement get/setitem,
        # those failures propagate up.
        class Impl(Implicit):
            pass

        root = Impl()
        root.child = Impl()

        # We can't set anything:
        with self.assertRaises(AttributeError):
            root.child['key'] = 42

        # We can't get anything:
        with self.assertRaises(AttributeError):
            root.child['key']

    def test_getitem_setitem_implemented(self):
        # The wrapper delegates to get/set item.
        class Root(Implicit):
            pass

        class Impl(Implicit):
            def __getitem__(self, i):
                return self.a

            def __setitem__(self, key, value):
                self.a[key] = value

        root = Root()
        root.a = dict()
        root.child = Impl()
        self.assertEqual(root.child[1], {})

        root.child['a'] = 'b'
        self.assertEqual(root.child[1], {'a': 'b'})

    def test_wrapped_objects_are_unwrapped_on_set(self):
        # A wrapper is not passed to the base object during `setattr`.
        class Impl(Implicit):
            pass

        # Given two different wrappers:
        root = Impl()
        child = Impl()
        child2 = Impl()
        root.child = child
        root.child2 = child2

        # If we pass one to the other as an attribute:
        root.child.child2 = root.child2

        # By the time it gets there, it's not wrapped:
        self.assertIs(type(child.__dict__['child2']), Impl)


class TestOf(unittest.TestCase):

    def test__of__exception(self):
        # Wrapper_findattr did't check for an exception in a user defined
        # __of__ method before passing the result to the filter. In this
        # case the 'value' argument of the filter was NULL, which caused
        # a segfault when being accessed.

        class X(Implicit):
            def __of__(self, parent):
                if aq_base(parent) is not parent:
                    raise NotImplementedError('ack')
                return X.inheritedAttribute('__of__')(self, parent)

        a = I('a')
        a.b = I('b')
        a.b.x = X('x')
        with self.assertRaises(NotImplementedError):
            aq_acquire(a.b, 'x',
                       lambda self, object, name, value, extra: repr(value))

    def test_wrapper_calls_of_on_non_wrapper(self):
        # The ExtensionClass protocol is respected even for non-Acquisition
        # objects.

        class MyBase(ExtensionClass.Base):
            call_count = 0

            def __of__(self, other):
                self.call_count += 1
                return 42

        class Impl(Implicit):
            pass

        # If we have a wrapper around an object that is an extension class,
        # but not an Acquisition wrapper:
        root = Impl()
        base = MyBase()
        wrapper = Acquisition.ImplicitAcquisitionWrapper(base, root)

        # And access that object itself through a wrapper:
        root.child = Impl()
        root.child.wrapper = wrapper

        # The `__of__` protocol is respected implicitly:
        self.assertEqual(root.child.wrapper, 42)
        self.assertEqual(base.call_count, 1)

        # Here it is explicitly:
        self.assertEqual(wrapper.__of__(root.child), 42)
        self.assertEqual(base.call_count, 2)


class TestAQInContextOf(unittest.TestCase):

    def test_aq_inContextOf(self):
        from ExtensionClass import Base

        class B(Base):
            color = 'red'

        class A(Implicit):
            def hi(self):
                return self.color

        class Location(object):
            __parent__ = None

        b = B()
        b.a = A()
        self.assertEqual(b.a.hi(), 'red')

        b.a.color = 'green'
        self.assertEqual(b.a.hi(), 'green')

        with self.assertRaises(AttributeError):
            A().hi()

        # New test for wrapper comparisons.
        foo = b.a
        bar = b.a
        self.assertEqual(foo, bar)

        c = A()
        b.c = c
        b.c.d = c
        self.assertEqual(b.c.d, c)
        self.assertEqual(b.c.d, b.c)
        self.assertEqual(b.c, c)

        l = Location()
        l.__parent__ = b.c

        def checkContext(self, o):
            # Python equivalent to aq_inContextOf
            next = self
            o = aq_base(o)
            while 1:
                if aq_base(next) is o:
                    return True
                self = aq_inner(next)
                if self is None:
                    break
                next = aq_parent(self)
                if next is None:
                    break
            return False

        self.assertTrue(checkContext(b.c, b))
        self.assertFalse(checkContext(b.c, b.a))

        self.assertTrue(checkContext(l, b))
        self.assertTrue(checkContext(l, b.c))
        self.assertFalse(checkContext(l, b.a))

        # aq_inContextOf works the same way:
        self.assertTrue(aq_inContextOf(b.c, b))
        self.assertFalse(aq_inContextOf(b.c, b.a))

        self.assertTrue(aq_inContextOf(l, b))
        self.assertTrue(aq_inContextOf(l, b.c))
        self.assertFalse(aq_inContextOf(l, b.a))

        self.assertTrue(b.a.aq_inContextOf(b))
        self.assertTrue(b.c.aq_inContextOf(b))
        self.assertTrue(b.c.d.aq_inContextOf(b))
        self.assertTrue(b.c.d.aq_inContextOf(c))
        self.assertTrue(b.c.d.aq_inContextOf(b.c))
        self.assertFalse(b.c.aq_inContextOf(foo))
        self.assertFalse(b.c.aq_inContextOf(b.a))
        self.assertFalse(b.a.aq_inContextOf('somestring'))

    def test_aq_inContextOf_odd_cases(self):
        # The aq_inContextOf function still works in some artificial cases.
        root = object()
        wrapper_around_none = Acquisition.ImplicitAcquisitionWrapper(
            None, None)
        self.assertEqual(aq_inContextOf(wrapper_around_none, root), 0)

        # If we don't ask for inner objects, the same thing happens
        # in this case:
        self.assertEqual(aq_inContextOf(wrapper_around_none, root, False), 0)

        # Somewhat surprisingly, the `aq_inner` of this wrapper
        # is itself a wrapper:
        self.assertIsInstance(aq_inner(wrapper_around_none),
                              Acquisition.ImplicitAcquisitionWrapper)

        # If we manipulate the Python implementation
        # to make this no longer true, nothing breaks:
        if hasattr(wrapper_around_none, '_obj'):
            setattr(wrapper_around_none, '_obj', None)

        self.assertEqual(aq_inContextOf(wrapper_around_none, root), 0)
        self.assertIsInstance(wrapper_around_none,
                              Acquisition.ImplicitAcquisitionWrapper)

        # Following parent pointers in weird circumstances works too:
        class WithParent(object):
            __parent__ = None

        self.assertEqual(aq_inContextOf(WithParent(), root), 0)


class TestCircles(unittest.TestCase):

    def test_search_repeated_objects(self):
        # If an acquisition wrapper object is wrapping another wrapper, and
        # also has another wrapper as its parent, and both of *those*
        # wrappers have the same object (one as its direct object, one as
        # its parent), then acquisition proceeds as normal: we don't get
        # into any cycles or fail to acquire expected attributes. In fact,
        # we actually can optimize out a level of the search in that case.

        # This is a bit of a convoluted scenario to set up when the code is
        # written out all in one place, but it may occur organically when
        # spread across a project.

        # We begin with some simple setup, importing the objects we'll use
        # and setting up the object that we'll repeat. This particular test
        # is specific to the Python implementation, so we're using low-level
        # functions from that module:

        from Acquisition import _Wrapper as Wrapper
        from Acquisition import _Wrapper_acquire

        class Repeated(object):
            hello = "world"

            def __repr__(self):
                return 'repeated'

        repeated = Repeated()

        # Now the tricky part, creating the repeating pattern. To rephrase
        # the opening sentence, we need a wrapper whose object and parent
        # (container) are themselves both wrappers, and the object's parent is
        # the same object as the wrapper's parent's object. That might be a
        # bit more clear in code:
        wrappers_object = Wrapper('a', repeated)
        wrappers_parent = Wrapper(repeated, 'b')
        wrapper = Wrapper(wrappers_object, wrappers_parent)
        self.assertIs(wrapper._obj._container, wrapper._container._obj)

        # Using the low-level function on the wrapper fails to find the
        # desired attribute. This is because of the optimization that cuts
        # out a level of the search (it is assumed that the higher level
        # `_Wrapper_findattr` function is driving the search and will take
        # the appropriate steps):
        with self.assertRaises(AttributeError):
            _Wrapper_acquire(wrapper, 'hello')

        # In fact, if we go through the public interface of the high-level
        # functions, we do find the attribute as expected:
        self.assertEqual(aq_acquire(wrapper, 'hello'), 'world')

    def test_parent_parent_circles(self):

        class Impl(Implicit):
            hello = 'world'

        class Impl2(Implicit):
            hello = 'world2'
            only = 'here'

        x = Impl()
        y = Impl2()
        x.__parent__ = y
        y.__parent__ = x

        self.assertTrue(x.__parent__.__parent__ is x)
        self.assertEqual(aq_acquire(x, 'hello'), 'world')
        self.assertEqual(aq_acquire(x, 'only'), 'here')

        self.assertRaises(AttributeError, aq_acquire, x, 'non_existant_attr')
        self.assertRaises(AttributeError, aq_acquire, y, 'non_existant_attr')

    def test_parent_parent_parent_circles(self):

        class Impl(Implicit):
            hello = 'world'

        class Impl2(Implicit):
            hello = 'world'

        class Impl3(Implicit):
            hello = 'world2'
            only = 'here'

        a = Impl()
        b = Impl2()
        c = Impl3()
        a.__parent__ = b
        b.__parent__ = c
        c.__parent__ = a

        self.assertTrue(a.__parent__.__parent__ is c)
        self.assertTrue(
            aq_base(a.__parent__.__parent__.__parent__) is a)
        self.assertTrue(b.__parent__.__parent__ is a)
        self.assertTrue(c.__parent__.__parent__ is b)

        self.assertEqual(aq_acquire(a, 'hello'), 'world')
        self.assertEqual(aq_acquire(b, 'hello'), 'world')
        self.assertEqual(aq_acquire(c, 'hello'), 'world2')

        self.assertEqual(aq_acquire(a, 'only'), 'here')
        self.assertEqual(aq_acquire(b, 'only'), 'here')
        self.assertEqual(aq_acquire(c, 'only'), 'here')

        self.assertRaises(AttributeError, getattr, a, 'non_existant_attr')
        self.assertRaises(AttributeError, getattr, b, 'non_existant_attr')
        self.assertRaises(AttributeError, getattr, c, 'non_existant_attr')


class TestAcquire(unittest.TestCase):

    def setUp(self):

        class Impl(Implicit):
            pass

        class Expl(Explicit):
            pass

        a = Impl('a')
        a.y = 42
        a.b = Expl('b')
        a.b.z = 3
        a.b.c = Impl('c')
        self.a = a

    def test_explicit_module_default(self):
        self.assertEqual(aq_acquire(self.a.b.c, 'z'), 3)

    def test_explicit_module_true(self):
        self.assertEqual(aq_acquire(self.a.b.c, 'z', explicit=True), 3)

    def test_explicit_module_false(self):
        self.assertEqual(aq_acquire(self.a.b.c, 'z', explicit=False), 3)

    def test_explicit_wrapper_default(self):
        self.assertEqual(self.a.b.c.aq_acquire('z'), 3)

    def test_explicit_wrapper_true(self):
        self.assertEqual(self.a.b.c.aq_acquire('z', explicit=True), 3)

    def test_explicit_wrapper_false(self):
        self.assertEqual(self.a.b.c.aq_acquire('z', explicit=False), 3)

    def test_wrapper_falls_back_to_default(self):
        self.assertEqual(aq_acquire(self.a.b.c, 'nonesuch', default=4), 4)

    def test_no_wrapper_but___parent___falls_back_to_default(self):
        class NotWrapped(object):
            pass
        child = NotWrapped()
        child.__parent__ = NotWrapped()
        self.assertEqual(aq_acquire(child, 'nonesuch', default=4), 4)

    def test_unwrapped_falls_back_to_default(self):
        self.assertEqual(aq_acquire(object(), 'nonesuch', default=4), 4)

    def test_w_unicode_attr_name(self):
        # See https://bugs.launchpad.net/acquisition/+bug/143358
        found = aq_acquire(self.a.b.c, AQ_PARENT)
        self.assertTrue(found.aq_self is self.a.b.aq_self)


class TestCooperativeBase(unittest.TestCase):

    def _make_acquirer(self, kind):
        from ExtensionClass import Base

        class ExtendsBase(Base):
            def __getattribute__(self, name):
                if name == 'magic':
                    return 42
                return super(ExtendsBase, self).__getattribute__(name)

        class Acquirer(kind, ExtendsBase):
            pass

        return Acquirer()

    def _check___getattribute___is_cooperative(self, acquirer):
        self.assertEqual(getattr(acquirer, 'magic'), 42)

    def test_implicit___getattribute__is_cooperative(self):
        self._check___getattribute___is_cooperative(
            self._make_acquirer(Implicit))

    def test_explicit___getattribute__is_cooperative(self):
        self._check___getattribute___is_cooperative(
            self._make_acquirer(Explicit))


class TestImplicitWrappingGetattribute(unittest.TestCase):
    # Implicitly wrapping an object that uses object.__getattribute__
    # in its implementation of __getattribute__ doesn't break.
    # This can arise with the `persistent` library or other
    # "base" classes.

    # The C implementation doesn't directly support this; however,
    # it is used heavily in the Python implementation of Persistent.

    @unittest.skipIf(CAPI, 'Pure Python test.')
    def test_object_getattribute_in_rebound_method_with_slots(self):

        class Persistent(object):
            __slots__ = ('__flags',)

            def __init__(self):
                self.__flags = 42

            def get_flags(self):
                return object.__getattribute__(self, '_Persistent__flags')

        wrapped = Persistent()
        wrapper = Acquisition.ImplicitAcquisitionWrapper(wrapped, None)

        self.assertEqual(wrapped.get_flags(), wrapper.get_flags())

        # Changing it is not reflected in the wrapper's dict (this is an
        # implementation detail)
        wrapper._Persistent__flags = -1
        self.assertEqual(wrapped.get_flags(), -1)
        self.assertEqual(wrapped.get_flags(), wrapper.get_flags())

        wrapper_dict = object.__getattribute__(wrapper, '__dict__')
        self.assertFalse('_Persistent__flags' in wrapper_dict)

    @unittest.skipIf(CAPI, 'Pure Python test.')
    def test_type_with_slots_reused(self):

        class Persistent(object):
            __slots__ = ('__flags',)

            def __init__(self):
                self.__flags = 42

            def get_flags(self):
                return object.__getattribute__(self, '_Persistent__flags')

        wrapped = Persistent()
        wrapper = Acquisition.ImplicitAcquisitionWrapper(wrapped, None)
        wrapper2 = Acquisition.ImplicitAcquisitionWrapper(wrapped, None)

        self.assertTrue(type(wrapper) is type(wrapper2))

    @unittest.skipIf(CAPI, 'Pure Python test.')
    def test_object_getattribute_in_rebound_method_with_dict(self):

        class Persistent(object):
            def __init__(self):
                self.__flags = 42

            def get_flags(self):
                return object.__getattribute__(self, '_Persistent__flags')

        wrapped = Persistent()
        wrapper = Acquisition.ImplicitAcquisitionWrapper(wrapped, None)

        self.assertEqual(wrapped.get_flags(), wrapper.get_flags())

        # Changing it is also reflected in both dicts (this is an
        # implementation detail)
        wrapper._Persistent__flags = -1
        self.assertEqual(wrapped.get_flags(), -1)
        self.assertEqual(wrapped.get_flags(), wrapper.get_flags())

        wrapper_dict = object.__getattribute__(wrapper, '__dict__')
        self.assertTrue('_Persistent__flags' in wrapper_dict)

    @unittest.skipIf(CAPI, 'Pure Python test.')
    def test_object_getattribute_in_rebound_method_with_slots_and_dict(self):

        class Persistent(object):
            __slots__ = ('__flags', '__dict__')

            def __init__(self):
                self.__flags = 42
                self.__oid = 'oid'

            def get_flags(self):
                return object.__getattribute__(self, '_Persistent__flags')

            def get_oid(self):
                return object.__getattribute__(self, '_Persistent__oid')

        wrapped = Persistent()
        wrapper = Acquisition.ImplicitAcquisitionWrapper(wrapped, None)

        self.assertEqual(wrapped.get_flags(), wrapper.get_flags())
        self.assertEqual(wrapped.get_oid(), wrapper.get_oid())


class TestUnicode(unittest.TestCase):

    def test_implicit_aq_unicode_should_be_called(self):
        class A(Implicit):
            def __unicode__(self):
                return UNICODE_WAS_CALLED
        wrapped = A().__of__(A())
        self.assertEqual(UNICODE_WAS_CALLED, unicode(wrapped))
        self.assertEqual(str(wrapped), repr(wrapped))

    def test_explicit_aq_unicode_should_be_called(self):
        class A(Explicit):
            def __unicode__(self):
                return UNICODE_WAS_CALLED
        wrapped = A().__of__(A())
        self.assertEqual(UNICODE_WAS_CALLED, unicode(wrapped))
        self.assertEqual(str(wrapped), repr(wrapped))

    def test_implicit_should_fall_back_to_str(self):
        class A(Implicit):
            def __str__(self):
                return 'str was called'
        wrapped = A().__of__(A())
        self.assertEqual(STR_WAS_CALLED, unicode(wrapped))
        self.assertEqual('str was called', str(wrapped))

    def test_explicit_should_fall_back_to_str(self):
        class A(Explicit):
            def __str__(self):
                return 'str was called'
        wrapped = A().__of__(A())
        self.assertEqual(STR_WAS_CALLED, unicode(wrapped))
        self.assertEqual('str was called', str(wrapped))

    def test_str_fallback_should_be_called_with_wrapped_self(self):
        class A(Implicit):
            def __str__(self):
                return str(self.aq_parent == outer)
        outer = A()
        inner = A().__of__(outer)
        self.assertEqual(TRUE, unicode(inner))

    def test_unicode_should_be_called_with_wrapped_self(self):
        class A(Implicit):
            def __unicode__(self):
                return str(self.aq_parent == outer)
        outer = A()
        inner = A().__of__(outer)
        self.assertEqual(TRUE, unicode(inner))


class TestProxying(unittest.TestCase):

    __binary_numeric_methods__ = [
        '__add__',
        '__sub__',
        '__mul__',
        # '__floordiv__',  # not implemented in C
        '__mod__',
        '__divmod__',
        '__pow__',
        '__lshift__',
        '__rshift__',
        '__and__',
        '__xor__',
        '__or__',
        # division
        '__truediv__',
        '__div__',
        # reflected
        '__radd__',
        '__rsub__',
        '__rmul__',
        '__rdiv__',
        '__rtruediv__',
        '__rfloordiv__',
        '__rmod__',
        '__rdivmod__',
        '__rpow__',
        '__rlshift__',
        '__rrshift__',
        '__rand__',
        '__rxor__',
        '__ror__',
        # in place
        '__iadd__',
        '__isub__',
        '__imul__',
        '__idiv__',
        '__itruediv__',
        '__ifloordiv__',
        '__imod__',
        '__idivmod__',
        '__ipow__',
        '__ilshift__',
        '__irshift__',
        '__iand__',
        '__ixor__',
        '__ior__',
        # conversion
        # implementing it messes up all the arithmetic tests
        # '__coerce__',
    ]

    if PY3 and sys.version_info.minor >= 5:
        __binary_numeric_methods__.extend([
            '__matmul__',
            '__imatmul__'
        ])

    __unary_special_methods__ = [
        # arithmetic
        '__neg__',
        '__pos__',
        '__abs__',
        '__invert__',
    ]

    __unary_conversion_methods__ = {
        # conversion
        '__complex__': complex,
        '__int__': int,
        '__long__': long,
        '__float__': float,
        '__oct__': oct,
        '__hex__': hex,
        '__len__': lambda o: o if isinstance(o, int) else len(o),
        # '__index__': operator.index, # not implemented in C
    }

    def _check_special_methods(self, base_class=Implicit):
        # Check that special methods are proxied
        # when called implicitly by the interpreter

        def binary_acquired_func(self, other, modulo=None):
            return self.value

        def unary_acquired_func(self):
            return self.value

        acquire_meths = {}
        for k in self.__binary_numeric_methods__:
            acquire_meths[k] = binary_acquired_func
        for k in self.__unary_special_methods__:
            acquire_meths[k] = unary_acquired_func

        def make_converter(f):
            def converter(self, *args):
                return f(self.value)
            return converter
        for k, convert in self.__unary_conversion_methods__.items():
            acquire_meths[k] = make_converter(convert)

        acquire_meths['__len__'] = lambda self: self.value

        if PY3:
            # Under Python 3, oct() and hex() call __index__ directly
            acquire_meths['__index__'] = acquire_meths['__int__']

        if base_class == Explicit:
            acquire_meths['value'] = Acquisition.Acquired
        AcquireValue = type('AcquireValue', (base_class,), acquire_meths)

        class B(Implicit):
            pass

        base = B()
        base.value = 42
        base.derived = AcquireValue()

        # one syntax check for the heck of it
        self.assertEqual(base.value, base.derived + 1)
        # divmod is not in the operator module
        self.assertEqual(base.value, divmod(base.derived, 1))

        _found_at_least_one_div = False

        for meth in self.__binary_numeric_methods__:
            op = getattr(operator, meth, None)
            if op is not None:
                # called on the instance
                self.assertEqual(base.value, op(base.derived, -1))

            # called on the type, as the interpreter does
            # Note that the C version can only implement either __truediv__
            # or __div__, not both
            op = getattr(operator, meth, None)
            if op is not None:
                try:
                    self.assertEqual(base.value,
                                     op(base.derived, 1))
                    if meth in ('__div__', '__truediv__'):
                        _found_at_least_one_div = True
                except TypeError:
                    if meth in ('__div__', '__truediv__'):
                        pass

        self.assertTrue(
            _found_at_least_one_div,
            "Must implement at least one of __div__ and __truediv__")

        # Unary methods
        for meth in self.__unary_special_methods__:
            self.assertEqual(base.value, getattr(base.derived, meth)())
            op = getattr(operator, meth)
            self.assertEqual(base.value, op(base.derived))

        # Conversion functions
        for meth, converter in self.__unary_conversion_methods__.items():
            if not converter:
                continue
            self.assertEqual(converter(base.value),
                             getattr(base.derived, meth)())

            self.assertEqual(converter(base.value),
                             converter(base.derived))

    def test_implicit_proxy_special_meths(self):
        self._check_special_methods()

    def test_explicit_proxy_special_meths(self):
        self._check_special_methods(base_class=Explicit)

    def _check_contains(self, base_class=Implicit):
        # Contains has lots of fallback behaviour
        class B(Implicit):
            pass
        base = B()
        base.value = 42

        # The simple case is if the object implements contains itself
        class ReallyContains(base_class):
            if base_class is Explicit:
                value = Acquisition.Acquired

            def __contains__(self, item):
                return self.value == item

        base.derived = ReallyContains()

        self.assertTrue(42 in base.derived)
        self.assertFalse(24 in base.derived)

        # Iterable objects are NOT iterated
        # XXX: Is this a bug in the C code? Shouldn't it do
        # what the interpreter does and fallback to iteration?
        class IterContains(base_class):
            if base_class is Explicit:
                value = Acquisition.Acquired

            def __iter__(self):
                return iter((42,))
        base.derived = IterContains()

        self.assertRaises(AttributeError, operator.contains, base.derived, 42)

    def test_implicit_proxy_contains(self):
        self._check_contains()

    def test_explicit_proxy_contains(self):
        self._check_contains(base_class=Explicit)

    def _check_call(self, base_class=Implicit):
        class B(Implicit):
            pass
        base = B()
        base.value = 42

        class Callable(base_class):
            if base_class is Explicit:
                value = Acquisition.Acquired

            def __call__(self, arg, k=None):
                return self.value, arg, k

        base.derived = Callable()

        self.assertEqual(base.derived(1, k=2), (42, 1, 2))

        if not IS_PYPY:
            # XXX: This test causes certain versions
            # of PyPy to segfault (at least 2.6.0-alpha1)
            class NotCallable(base_class):
                pass

            base.derived = NotCallable()
            try:
                base.derived()
                self.fail("Not callable")
            except (TypeError, AttributeError):
                pass

    def test_implicit_proxy_call(self):
        self._check_call()

    def test_explicit_proxy_call(self):
        self._check_call(base_class=Explicit)

    def _check_hash(self, base_class=Implicit):
        class B(Implicit):
            pass
        base = B()
        base.value = B()
        base.value.hash = 42

        class NoAcquired(base_class):
            def __hash__(self):
                return 1

        hashable = NoAcquired()
        base.derived = hashable
        self.assertEqual(1, hash(hashable))
        self.assertEqual(1, hash(base.derived))

        # cannot access acquired attributes during
        # __hash__

        class CannotAccessAcquiredAttributesAtHash(base_class):
            if base_class is Explicit:
                value = Acquisition.Acquired

            def __hash__(self):
                return self.value.hash

        hashable = CannotAccessAcquiredAttributesAtHash()
        base.derived = hashable
        self.assertRaises(AttributeError, hash, hashable)
        self.assertRaises(AttributeError, hash, base.derived)

    def test_implicit_proxy_hash(self):
        self._check_hash()

    def test_explicit_proxy_hash(self):
        self._check_hash(base_class=Explicit)

    def _check_comparison(self, base_class=Implicit):
        # Comparison behaviour is complex; see notes in _Wrapper
        class B(Implicit):
            pass
        base = B()
        base.value = 42

        rich_cmp_methods = ['__lt__', '__gt__', '__eq__',
                            '__ne__', '__ge__', '__le__']

        def _never_called(self, other):
            raise RuntimeError("This should never be called")

        class RichCmpNeverCalled(base_class):
            for _name in rich_cmp_methods:
                locals()[_name] = _never_called

        base.derived = RichCmpNeverCalled()
        base.derived2 = RichCmpNeverCalled()
        # We can access all of the operators, but only because
        # they are masked
        for name in rich_cmp_methods:
            getattr(operator, name)(base.derived, base.derived2)

        self.assertFalse(base.derived2 == base.derived)
        self.assertEqual(base.derived, base.derived)

    def test_implicit_proxy_comporison(self):
        self._check_comparison()

    def test_explicit_proxy_comporison(self):
        self._check_comparison(base_class=Explicit)

    def _check_bool(self, base_class=Implicit):
        class B(Implicit):
            pass
        base = B()
        base.value = 42

        class WithBool(base_class):
            if base_class is Explicit:
                value = Acquisition.Acquired

            def __nonzero__(self):
                return bool(self.value)
            __bool__ = __nonzero__

        class WithLen(base_class):
            if base_class is Explicit:
                value = Acquisition.Acquired

            def __len__(self):
                return self.value

        class WithNothing(base_class):
            pass

        base.wbool = WithBool()
        base.wlen = WithLen()
        base.wnothing = WithNothing()

        self.assertEqual(bool(base.wbool), True)
        self.assertEqual(bool(base.wlen), True)
        self.assertEqual(bool(base.wnothing), True)

        base.value = 0
        self.assertFalse(base.wbool)
        self.assertFalse(base.wlen)

    def test_implicit_proxy_bool(self):
        self._check_bool()

    def test_explicit_proxy_bool(self):
        self._check_bool(base_class=Explicit)


class TestCompilation(unittest.TestCase):

    def test_compile(self):
        if IS_PYPY or IS_PURE:
            with self.assertRaises((AttributeError, ImportError)):
                from Acquisition import _Acquisition
        else:
            from Acquisition import _Acquisition
            self.assertTrue(hasattr(_Acquisition, 'AcquisitionCAPI'))


def test_suite():
    import os.path
    here = os.path.dirname(__file__)
    root = os.path.join(here, os.pardir, os.pardir)
    readme = os.path.join(root, 'README.rst')

    suites = [
        DocTestSuite(),
        unittest.defaultTestLoader.loadTestsFromName(__name__),
    ]

    # This file is only available in a source checkout, skip it
    # when tests are run for an installed version.
    if os.path.isfile(readme):
        suites.append(DocFileSuite(readme, module_relative=False))

    return unittest.TestSuite(suites)