\section{Stromortskurve} Konstruieren Sie die Stromortskurve $\uline{I}=f(p)$ zu der abgebildeten Schaltung\\ für $0\leq p\leq 1$ !\\ Es ist $Z_{RL}=p(R_0+jX_{L_0})$. Die Parameterwerte $p=0$; $0{,}25$; $0{,}5$; $0{,}75$ und $1$ sind zu markieren.\\ Für welches $p$ wird $I=I_{max}$? Geben Sie diesen Stromwert an.\\ Gegeben sind: $\uline{U}=U=10\,\volt$; $X_C=-3\,\kilo\ohm$; $R_0=6\,\kilo\ohm$; $X_{L_0}=8\,\kilo\ohm$.\\ Maßstäbe: $1\,\kilo\ohm\,\widehat{=}\,1\,\centi\metre $; $50\,\micro\second\,\widehat{=}\, 1\,\centi\metre$\\ \begin{align*} \begin{tikzpicture}[very thick,scale=2] \begin{scope}[>=latex,very thick,xshift=0cm,yshift=1cm]%Kondensator - \draw (0,0)--(.475,0) (.475,-.125)--(.475,.125) (.525,-.125)--(.525,.125) (.525,0)--(1,0)node at (.5,.10) [above] {$C$}; \end{scope} \begin{scope}[>=latex,very thick,xshift=1cm,yshift=1cm]%Widerstand - nach EN 60617 \draw (0,0)--(.3,0) (.3,-0.0667)rectangle(.7,0.0667) (.7,0)--(1,0)node at (.5,.0667) [above] {$R_{\phantom{L}}$}; \end{scope} \begin{scope}[>=latex,very thick,xshift=2cm,yshift=1cm]%Spule - \draw (0,0)--(.3,0) (.7,0)--(1,0)node at (.45,.0667) [above] {$X_{L}$}; \fill (.3,-0.0667)rectangle(.7,0.0667); \end{scope} \begin{scope}[>=latex,very thick,xshift=0cm]%Knotenpunkte \draw (0,0)--(3,0)--(3,1)--(2.9,1); \draw [->,blue] (0,.9)--(0,.1)node at(0,.5)[right]{$\underline{U}$}; \fill (0,0)circle(.025) (0,1)circle(.025); \draw [->,red] (0,1.1)--(.4,1.1) node at (.25,1.1)[above]{$\underline{I}$}; \end{scope} \begin{scope}[>=latex,very thick]%Variablen Pfeile \draw[->] (1.3,.75)--(1.7,1.25); \draw[->] (2.3,.75)--(2.7,1.25); \draw[dashed] (1.3,.75)--(2.3,.75); \end{scope} \end{tikzpicture} \end{align*} \ifthenelse{\equal{\toPrint}{Lösung}}{% %\begin{align} %\intertext{Formeln:} %\end{align} Berechnung: (Platzbedarf in x: $11\,\centi\metre$; in y: $12\,\centi\metre$)\\[0.5\baselineskip] \begin{align*} \uline{I}(p)&=\uline{Y}(p)\cdot \uline{U}\\ \intertext{$\uline{Z}(p)$ durch Vektoraddition der Widerstände zeichnen,} Z(p)&=\sqrt{R_O^2+X^2_{LO}}=\sqrt{6^2+8^2}\,\kilo\ohm=10\,\kilo\ohm\qquad \text{für }p=1 \intertext{$\uline{Z}^*(p)$ durch Spiegelung an der reellen Achse zeichnen und Parameter $p$ einzeichnen.} X_C&=-3\,\kilo\ohm\,\widehat{=}\,-3\,\centi\metre\\ R_0&=6\,\kilo\ohm\,\widehat{=}\,6\,\centi\metre\\ X_{L_0}&=8\,\kilo\ohm\,\widehat{=}\,8\,\centi\metre\\ \intertext{Senkrechte zu $\uline{Z}^*(p)$ durch den Ursprung zeichnen} \overline{0N}&=1{,}8\,\centi\metre\,\widehat{=}\,1{,}8\,\kilo\ohm\\ \intertext{Invertieren ergibt Durchmesser des Kreises} \overline{0D}&=\frac{1}{\overline{0N}}=\frac{1}{1{,}8\,\kilo\ohm}=555{,}5\,\micro\siemens \,\widehat{=}\,11{,}1\,\centi\metre\\ \intertext{Mittelpunkt bestimmen} \overline{0M}&=\frac{1}{2}\,\,\overline{0D}\,\widehat{=}\,5{,}55\,\centi\metre\\ \text{$\uline{Y}(p)$ Kreis zeichnen. Max. Strom bei größtem Leitwert im Punkt D\newline (Durchmesser des Kreises = max. Abstand vom Ursprung)} \intertext{Ablesen von $p=0{,}24$ (Abstand zwischen $N(OD\,\cap\,\uline{Z}^*(p))$ und $\uline{Z}^*(p)|_{p=0}$)} %\uline{Z}^*(p)\text{ gibt }\Delta p=0{,}1\,\kilo\ohm\,\widehat{=}1\,\centi\metre,\text{ auf } %I_{max}\text{ für }p&=0{,}24\\ I_{max}&=\uline{Y}(p)\cdot \uline{U}=555{,}5\,\micro\siemens\cdot 10\,\volt=\uuline{5{,}55\,\milli\ampere} \end{align*} \begin{align*} \begin{tikzpicture}[very thick,scale=1] \begin{scope}[>=latex,very thick,xshift=0cm,yshift=0cm] \draw[ultra thin,black!50!](0,-5)grid(10,10); \draw[thin,->](0,0)--(10.5,0)node[right]{$\Re$}; \draw[thin,->](0,-5.5)--(0,10.5)node[above]{$\Im$}; \foreach \y in {10,9,...,-5} \draw(0,\y)--(-.1,\y)node[left]{$\y$}; \draw[red,->](0,0)--(0,-3)node at(.5,-1.5){$-jX_C$}; \draw[red,->](0,-3)--(6,-3)node at(3,-2.75){$R$}; \draw[red,->](6,-3)--(6,5)node at(6.5,1){$jX_{LO}$}; \draw[red,->](0,-3)--(6,5)node at(4,1.25){$\uline{Z}(p)$}; \draw[red,->](0,3)--(6,-5)node at(6,-4){$\uline{Z}^*(p)$}; \draw[black!35!,thin](0,1.5)circle(1.5cm); \draw[blue,thin](0,0)--(36.87:11.1cm)node at(9.1,6.75){D}; \draw[blue]node at(9,7.5){$\uline{Y}(p)$}; \filldraw[blue](36.87:5.55)circle(0.05cm)node[left]{M}; \filldraw[blue](0,0)--(8,6)node at(1,1.1){N}; \draw[blue](36.87:5.55)circle(5.55cm); \filldraw[red!50!blue](0,3)circle(0.05cm)node [right]{\footnotesize{$p=0$}}; \filldraw[red!50!blue](0,3)++(-53.13:2.5cm)circle(0.05cm)node [right]{\footnotesize{$p=0{,}25$}}; \filldraw[red!50!blue](0,3)++(-53.13:5cm)circle(0.05cm)node [right]{\footnotesize{$p=0{,}5$}}; \filldraw[red!50!blue](0,3)++(-53.13:7.5cm)circle(0.05cm)node [above right]{\footnotesize{$p=0{,}75$}}; \filldraw[red!50!blue](0,3)++(-53.13:10cm)circle(0.05cm)node [right]{\footnotesize{$p=1$}}; \filldraw[green!50!black](0,-3)circle(0.05cm)node [below right]{\footnotesize{$p=0$}}; \filldraw[green!50!black](0,-3)++(53.13:2.5cm)circle(0.05cm)node [right]{\footnotesize{$p=0{,}25$}}; \filldraw[green!50!black](0,-3)++(53.13:5cm)circle(0.05cm)node [below right]{\footnotesize{$p=0{,}5$}}; \filldraw[green!50!black](0,-3)++(53.13:7.5cm)circle(0.05cm)node [right]{\footnotesize{$p=0{,}75$}}; \filldraw[green!50!black](0,-3)++(53.13:10cm)circle(0.05cm)node [left]{\footnotesize{$p=1$}}; \draw[red!50!blue,very thin](0,0)--(6,-5); \draw[red!50!blue,very thin](0,0)--(4.5,-3); \draw[red!50!blue,very thin](0,0)--(6,-2); \draw[red!50!blue,very thin](0,0)--(12,8); \draw[red!50!blue,very thin](0,0)--(0,6.7); \filldraw[red!50!blue,very thin](-40.5:2.45cm)circle(0.05cm)node [right]{\footnotesize{$p=1$}}; \filldraw[red!50!blue,very thin](-34.4:3.6cm)circle(0.05cm)node [right]{\footnotesize{$p=0{,}75$}}; \filldraw[red!50!blue,very thin](6,-2)circle(0.05cm)node [right]{\footnotesize{$p=0{,}5$}}; \filldraw[red!50!blue,very thin](33.69:11.1cm)circle(0.05cm)node [right]{\footnotesize{$p=0{,}25$}}; \filldraw[red!50!blue,very thin](90:6.666cm)circle(0.05cm)node [right]{\footnotesize{$p=0$}}; \foreach \x in {0,1,...,10} \filldraw(\x,.1)--(\x,-.1)node at (\x,-.33){$\x$}; \end{scope} \end{tikzpicture} \end{align*} Reihenfolge: $j\underline{X}_C; R; j\underline{X}_L; \underline{Z}(p)$; p-Werte; $\bot \underline{Z^*}(p) \Rightarrow \overline{ON}; \\ \overline{OD}$ Durchmesser; Kreis um $\overline{OM} \Rightarrow \underline{Y(p)}$ \clearpage }{}%