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ET2_L_B20_A3.tex 8.5KB

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  1. \section {Gleichungen in Matrizenschreibweise}
  2. Die Spannungen am gegebenen Netzwerk
  3. sollen mit Hilfe des Knotenpotenzialverfahrens
  4. berechnet werden. Stellen Sie die Gleichungen
  5. in Matrizenschreibweise auf.\\
  6. $R=2\,\kilo\ohm;\quad C=5\,\nano\farad \quad L=2{,}5\,\milli\henry; $\\
  7. $f=63{,}662\,\kilo\hertz;$\\
  8. $\uline{I}_1=7\,\milli\ampere;\quad \uline{U}_2=3\,\volt\cdot e^{j90\,\degree} \quad \uline{I}_3= 5\milli\ampere \cdot e^{-j90\,\degree}$
  9. \begin{align*}
  10. \begin{tikzpicture}[scale=1.5]
  11. \begin{scope}[>=latex,very thick,xshift=0cm,yshift=0cm,rotate=90]%Spule |
  12. \draw (0,0)--(.3,0) (.7,0)--(1,0)node at(.5,-.0667) [right] {$L$};
  13. \fill (.3,-0.0667)rectangle(.7,0.0667);
  14. \end{scope}
  15. \begin{scope}[>=latex,very thick,xshift=0cm,yshift=1cm,rotate=90]
  16. \draw (0,0)--(.3,0) (.3,-0.0667)rectangle(.7,0.0667) (.7,0)--(1,0)node at (.5,-.0667) [right] {$R$};
  17. \end{scope}
  18. \begin{scope}[>=latex,very thick,xshift=0cm,yshift=2cm,rotate=90]%Spannungsquelle |
  19. \draw (0,0)--(1,0);
  20. \draw (.5,0)circle(.133);
  21. \draw [->,blue] (.3,.2)--(.7,.2) node at (.5,.2)[left]{$\uline{U}_{2}$};
  22. \end{scope}
  23. \begin{scope}[>=latex,very thick,xshift=0cm,yshift=3cm,rotate=90]%Kondensator |
  24. \draw (0,0)--(.475,0) (.475,-.125)--(.475,.125) (.525,-.125)--(.525,.125) (.525,0)--(1,0)node at (.5,-.133) [right] {$C$};
  25. \end{scope}
  26. \begin{scope}[>=latex,very thick,xshift=0cm,yshift=2cm]%Widerstand
  27. \draw (0,0)--(.3,0) (.3,-0.0667)rectangle(.7,0.0667) (.7,0)--(1,0)node at (.5,.0667) [above] {$R$};
  28. \end{scope}
  29. \begin{scope}[>=latex,very thick,xshift=1cm,yshift=2cm]%Kondensator -
  30. \draw (0,0)--(.475,0) (.475,-.125)--(.475,.125) (.525,-.125)--(.525,.125) (.525,0)--(1,0)node at (.5,.133) [above] {$C$};
  31. \end{scope}
  32. \begin{scope}[>=latex,very thick,xshift=2cm,yshift=2cm]%Spule -
  33. \draw (0,0)--(.3,0) (.7,0)--(1,0)node at (.5,.0667) [above] {$L$};
  34. \fill (.3,-0.0667)rectangle(.7,0.0667);
  35. \end{scope}
  36. \begin{scope}[>=latex,very thick,xshift=3cm,yshift=0.5cm,rotate=90]
  37. \draw (0,0)--(.3,0) (.3,-0.0667)rectangle(.7,0.0667) (.7,0)--(1,0)node at (.5,-.0667) [right] {$R$};
  38. \end{scope}
  39. \begin{scope}[>=latex,very thick,xshift=3cm,yshift=2.5cm,rotate=90]
  40. \draw (0,0)--(.3,0) (.3,-0.0667)rectangle(.7,0.0667) (.7,0)--(1,0)node at (.5,-.0667) [right] {$R$};
  41. \end{scope}
  42. \begin{scope}[>=latex,very thick,xshift=4cm,yshift=.5cm,rotate=90]%Kondensator |
  43. \draw (0,0)--(.475,0) (.475,-.125)--(.475,.125) (.525,-.125)--(.525,.125) (.525,0)--(1,0)node at (.5,-.133) [right] {$C$};
  44. \end{scope}
  45. \begin{scope}[>=latex,very thick,xshift=4cm,yshift=2.5cm,rotate=90]%Stromquelle
  46. \draw (0,0)--(.367,0) (.5,-.133)--(.5,.133) (.633,0)--(1,0);
  47. \draw (.5,0)circle(.133);
  48. \draw [<-,red] (.3,-.2)--(.7,-.2) node at (.5,-.2)[right]{$\uline{I}_3$};
  49. \end{scope}
  50. \begin{scope}[>=latex,very thick,xshift=0cm,yshift=0cm]%Fehlstellen Eckverbindungen.
  51. \draw (0,.2)--(0,0)--(4,0)--(4,.7) (0,3.8)--(0,4)--(4,4)--(4,3.4)(4,1.2)--(4,2.7)
  52. (3,0)--(3,.7)(3,1.2)--(3,2.7)(3,2)--(4,2)(3,3.2)--(3,4)(1,0)--(1,-.2)(.9,-.2)--(1.1,-.2);
  53. \fill(0,2)circle(0.05cm)(3,2)circle(0.05cm)(4,2)circle(0.05cm)(3,0)circle(0.05cm)
  54. (4,0)circle(0.05cm)(3,4)circle(0.05cm)(4,4)circle(0.05cm)(0,4)circle(0.05cm)(1,0)circle(0.05cm);
  55. \draw(0,4)--+(135:.5cm)(4,0)--+(225:.5cm);
  56. \draw[<-,red](0,4)--+(135:.25cm)node[above right]{$\uline{I}_1$};
  57. \draw[->,red](4,0)--+(225:.25cm)node[below right]{$\uline{I}_0$};
  58. \end{scope}
  59. \draw[magenta](0,2)node[left]{$1$};
  60. \draw[magenta](4,2)node[right]{$3$};
  61. \draw[magenta](3,4)node[above]{$2$};
  62. \draw[magenta](3,0)node[below]{$0$};
  63. \end{tikzpicture}
  64. \end{align*}
  65. \ifthenelse{\equal{\toPrint}{Lösung}}{%
  66. %\begin{align}
  67. %\intertext{Formeln:}
  68. %\end{align}
  69. Berechnung:
  70. \begin{align*}
  71. \begin{tikzpicture}[scale=1.5]
  72. \begin{scope}[>=latex,very thick,xshift=0cm,yshift=.5cm,rotate=90]%Stromquelle
  73. \draw (0,0)--(.367,0) (.5,-.133)--(.5,.133) (.633,0)--(1,0);
  74. \draw (.5,0)circle(.133);
  75. \draw [->,red] (.3,-.2)--(.7,-.2) node at (.5,-.2)[right]{$\uline{I}_1$};
  76. \end{scope}
  77. \begin{scope}[>=latex,very thick,xshift=1cm,yshift=0cm,rotate=90]
  78. \draw (0,0)--(.3,0) (.3,-0.0667)rectangle(.7,0.0667) (.7,0)--(1,0)node at (.5,-.0667) [right] {$\uline{Y}_{10}$};
  79. \end{scope}
  80. \begin{scope}[>=latex,very thick,xshift=1cm,yshift=1cm,rotate=90]%Stromquelle
  81. \draw (0,0)--(.367,0) (.5,-.133)--(.5,.133) (.633,0)--(1,0);
  82. \draw (.5,0)circle(.133);
  83. \draw [<-,red] (.3,-.2)--(.7,-.2) node at (.5,-.2)[right]{$\uline{I}_2$};
  84. \end{scope}
  85. \begin{scope}[>=latex,very thick,xshift=2cm,yshift=1cm,rotate=90]
  86. \draw (0,0)--(.3,0) (.3,-0.0667)rectangle(.7,0.0667) (.7,0)--(1,0)node at (.5,-.0667) [right] {$\uline{Y}_{12}$};
  87. \end{scope}
  88. \begin{scope}[>=latex,very thick,xshift=3cm,yshift=1cm,rotate=90]
  89. \draw (0,0)--(.3,0) (.3,-0.0667)rectangle(.7,0.0667) (.7,0)--(1,0)node at (.5,-.0667) [right] {$\uline{Y}_{23}$};
  90. \end{scope}
  91. \begin{scope}[>=latex,very thick,xshift=4cm,yshift=1cm,rotate=90]%Stromquelle
  92. \draw (0,0)--(.367,0) (.5,-.133)--(.5,.133) (.633,0)--(1,0);
  93. \draw (.5,0)circle(.133);
  94. \draw [<-,red] (.3,-.2)--(.7,-.2) node at (.5,-.2)[right]{$\uline{I}_3$};
  95. \end{scope}
  96. \begin{scope}[>=latex,very thick,xshift=2cm,yshift=1cm]%Widerstand
  97. \draw (0,0)--(.3,0) (.3,-0.0667)rectangle(.7,0.0667) (.7,0)--(1,0)node at (.5,-.0667) [below] {$\uline{Y}_{13}$};
  98. \end{scope}
  99. \begin{scope}[>=latex,very thick,xshift=4cm,yshift=0cm,rotate=90]
  100. \draw (0,0)--(.3,0) (.3,-0.0667)rectangle(.7,0.0667) (.7,0)--(1,0)node at (.5,-.0667) [right] {$\uline{Y}_{30}$};
  101. \end{scope}
  102. \begin{scope}[>=latex,very thick,xshift=0cm,yshift=0cm]%Fehlstellen Eckverbindungen.
  103. \draw (0,.7)--(0,0)--(4,0)--(4,.2) (0,1.3)--(0,2)--(4,2)--(4,1.8)(1,1)--(2,1)
  104. (3,1)--(4,1);
  105. \draw[magenta](1,1)node[left]{$1$};
  106. \draw[magenta](4,1)node[right]{$3$};
  107. \draw[magenta](2.5,2)node[above]{$2$};
  108. \draw[magenta](2.5,0)node[below]{$0$};
  109. \end{scope}
  110. \end{tikzpicture}
  111. \end{align*}
  112. \begin{align*}
  113. \left[\begin{array}{c}\uline{Y}\\ \end{array} \right]\cdot
  114. \left[\begin{array}{c}\uline{U}\\ \end{array}\right]
  115. &=\left[\begin{array}{c} -\sum{\uline{I}_q}\\ \end{array}\right]\\
  116. \end{align*}
  117. $\uline{I}_0\stackrel{!}{=}\uline{I}_1$ wegen Gleichgewicht. Abfließende Quellströme positiv.
  118. \clearpage
  119. \begin{align*}
  120. G&=\frac{1}{R}=0{,}5\,\milli\siemens\\
  121. \omega&=2\pi\cdot f=0{,}4\cdot \power{10}{-6}\cdot \frac{1}{\second}\\
  122. X_C&=\frac{-1}{\omega C}=-0{,}5\,\kilo\ohm\\
  123. \Rightarrow\quad B_C&=\omega C=2{,}0\,\milli\siemens\\
  124. X_L&=\omega L=1{,}0\,\kilo\ohm\\
  125. \Rightarrow\quad B_L&=\frac{-1}{\omega L}=-1{,}0\,\milli\siemens\\[\baselineskip]
  126. \uline{Y}_{10}&=\frac{1}{R+jX_L}=\frac{1}{(2+j1)\,\kilo\ohm}&=(0{,}4-j0{,}2)\,\milli\siemens\\
  127. \uline{Y}_{30}&=G+jB_C&=(0{,}5+j2{,}0)\,\milli\siemens\\
  128. \uline{Y}_{13}&=\frac{1}{R+j(X_L+X_C)}=\frac{1}{[2+j(1-0{,}5)]\,\kilo\ohm}&=(0{,}4706-j0{,}1176)\,\milli\siemens\\
  129. \uline{Y}_{12}&=jB_C=2\,\milli\siemens\cdot e^{j90\,\degree}&=(0+j2{,}0)\,\milli\siemens\\
  130. \uline{Y}_{23}&=G&=(0{,}5+j0)\,\milli\siemens\\[\baselineskip]
  131. \uline{I}_1&=7\,\milli\ampere \cdot e^{j0\,\degree}&=(7-j0)\,\milli\ampere\\
  132. \uline{I}_2&=\uline{Y}_{12}\cdot \uline{U}_2=2\,\milli\siemens\cdot e^{j90\,\degree}\cdot 3\,\volt\cdot e^{j90\,\degree}=6\,\milli\ampere \cdot e^{j180\,\degree}&=(-6+j0)\,\milli\ampere\\
  133. \uline{I}_3&=5\,\milli\ampere \cdot e^{-j90\,\degree}&=(0-j5)\,\milli\ampere\\
  134. \end{align*}
  135. %\scriptsize
  136. \begin{align*}
  137. &\left(
  138. \begin{array}{ccc}
  139. \uline{Y}_{10}+\uline{Y}_{12}+\uline{Y}_{13} & -\uline{Y}_{12} & -\uline{Y}_{13} \\
  140. -\uline{Y}_{12} & \uline{Y}_{12}+\uline{Y}_{23} & -\uline{Y}_{23} \\
  141. -\uline{Y}_{13} & -\uline{Y}_{23} & \uline{Y}_{30}+\uline{Y}_{13}+\uline{Y}_{23} \\
  142. \end{array}
  143. \right)
  144. \left(
  145. \begin{array}{c}
  146. \uline{U}_{10} \\
  147. \uline{U}_{20} \\
  148. \uline{U}_{30} \\
  149. \end{array}
  150. \right)=
  151. \left(
  152. \begin{array}{c}
  153. \uline{I}_2\\
  154. \uline{I}_1-\uline{I}_2-\uline{I}_3\\
  155. \uline{I}_3\\
  156. \end{array}
  157. \right)\\
  158. \end{align*}
  159. \scriptsize
  160. \begin{align*}
  161. &\left(
  162. \begin{array}{ccc}
  163. (0{,}8706+j1{,}6824) & (0-j2) & (-0{,}4706+j0{,}1176) \\
  164. (0-j2) & (0{,}5+j2{,}0) & (0{,}5+j0) \\
  165. (-0{,}4706-j0{,}1176) & (0{,}5+j0) & (1{,}4706+j1{,}8823) \\
  166. \end{array}
  167. \right)\,\milli\siemens
  168. \left(
  169. \begin{array}{c}
  170. \uline{U}_{10} \\
  171. \uline{U}_{20} \\
  172. \uline{U}_{30} \\
  173. \end{array}
  174. \right)=
  175. \left(
  176. \begin{array}{c}
  177. (6-j0)\\
  178. (13+j5)\\
  179. (0-j5)\\
  180. \end{array}
  181. \right)\,\milli\ampere
  182. \end{align*}
  183. \normalsize
  184. \clearpage
  185. }{}%