186 lines
8.5 KiB
TeX
186 lines
8.5 KiB
TeX
\section {Gleichungen in Matrizenschreibweise}
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Die Spannungen am gegebenen Netzwerk
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sollen mit Hilfe des Knotenpotenzialverfahrens
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berechnet werden. Stellen Sie die Gleichungen
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in Matrizenschreibweise auf.\\
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$R=2\,\kilo\ohm;\quad C=5\,\nano\farad \quad L=2{,}5\,\milli\henry; $\\
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$f=63{,}662\,\kilo\hertz;$\\
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$\uline{I}_1=7\,\milli\ampere;\quad \uline{U}_2=3\,\volt\cdot e^{j90\,\degree} \quad \uline{I}_3= 5\milli\ampere \cdot e^{-j90\,\degree}$
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\begin{align*}
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\begin{tikzpicture}[scale=1.5]
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\begin{scope}[>=latex,very thick,xshift=0cm,yshift=0cm,rotate=90]%Spule |
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\draw (0,0)--(.3,0) (.7,0)--(1,0)node at(.5,-.0667) [right] {$L$};
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\fill (.3,-0.0667)rectangle(.7,0.0667);
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\end{scope}
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\begin{scope}[>=latex,very thick,xshift=0cm,yshift=1cm,rotate=90]
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\draw (0,0)--(.3,0) (.3,-0.0667)rectangle(.7,0.0667) (.7,0)--(1,0)node at (.5,-.0667) [right] {$R$};
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\end{scope}
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\begin{scope}[>=latex,very thick,xshift=0cm,yshift=2cm,rotate=90]%Spannungsquelle |
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\draw (0,0)--(1,0);
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\draw (.5,0)circle(.133);
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\draw [->,blue] (.3,.2)--(.7,.2) node at (.5,.2)[left]{$\uline{U}_{2}$};
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\end{scope}
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\begin{scope}[>=latex,very thick,xshift=0cm,yshift=3cm,rotate=90]%Kondensator |
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\draw (0,0)--(.475,0) (.475,-.125)--(.475,.125) (.525,-.125)--(.525,.125) (.525,0)--(1,0)node at (.5,-.133) [right] {$C$};
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\end{scope}
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\begin{scope}[>=latex,very thick,xshift=0cm,yshift=2cm]%Widerstand
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\draw (0,0)--(.3,0) (.3,-0.0667)rectangle(.7,0.0667) (.7,0)--(1,0)node at (.5,.0667) [above] {$R$};
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\end{scope}
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\begin{scope}[>=latex,very thick,xshift=1cm,yshift=2cm]%Kondensator -
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\draw (0,0)--(.475,0) (.475,-.125)--(.475,.125) (.525,-.125)--(.525,.125) (.525,0)--(1,0)node at (.5,.133) [above] {$C$};
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\end{scope}
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\begin{scope}[>=latex,very thick,xshift=2cm,yshift=2cm]%Spule -
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\draw (0,0)--(.3,0) (.7,0)--(1,0)node at (.5,.0667) [above] {$L$};
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\fill (.3,-0.0667)rectangle(.7,0.0667);
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\end{scope}
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\begin{scope}[>=latex,very thick,xshift=3cm,yshift=0.5cm,rotate=90]
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\draw (0,0)--(.3,0) (.3,-0.0667)rectangle(.7,0.0667) (.7,0)--(1,0)node at (.5,-.0667) [right] {$R$};
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\end{scope}
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\begin{scope}[>=latex,very thick,xshift=3cm,yshift=2.5cm,rotate=90]
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\draw (0,0)--(.3,0) (.3,-0.0667)rectangle(.7,0.0667) (.7,0)--(1,0)node at (.5,-.0667) [right] {$R$};
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\end{scope}
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\begin{scope}[>=latex,very thick,xshift=4cm,yshift=.5cm,rotate=90]%Kondensator |
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\draw (0,0)--(.475,0) (.475,-.125)--(.475,.125) (.525,-.125)--(.525,.125) (.525,0)--(1,0)node at (.5,-.133) [right] {$C$};
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\end{scope}
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\begin{scope}[>=latex,very thick,xshift=4cm,yshift=2.5cm,rotate=90]%Stromquelle
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\draw (0,0)--(.367,0) (.5,-.133)--(.5,.133) (.633,0)--(1,0);
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\draw (.5,0)circle(.133);
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\draw [<-,red] (.3,-.2)--(.7,-.2) node at (.5,-.2)[right]{$\uline{I}_3$};
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\end{scope}
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\begin{scope}[>=latex,very thick,xshift=0cm,yshift=0cm]%Fehlstellen Eckverbindungen.
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\draw (0,.2)--(0,0)--(4,0)--(4,.7) (0,3.8)--(0,4)--(4,4)--(4,3.4)(4,1.2)--(4,2.7)
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(3,0)--(3,.7)(3,1.2)--(3,2.7)(3,2)--(4,2)(3,3.2)--(3,4)(1,0)--(1,-.2)(.9,-.2)--(1.1,-.2);
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\fill(0,2)circle(0.05cm)(3,2)circle(0.05cm)(4,2)circle(0.05cm)(3,0)circle(0.05cm)
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(4,0)circle(0.05cm)(3,4)circle(0.05cm)(4,4)circle(0.05cm)(0,4)circle(0.05cm)(1,0)circle(0.05cm);
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\draw(0,4)--+(135:.5cm)(4,0)--+(225:.5cm);
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\draw[<-,red](0,4)--+(135:.25cm)node[above right]{$\uline{I}_1$};
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\draw[->,red](4,0)--+(225:.25cm)node[below right]{$\uline{I}_0$};
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\end{scope}
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\draw[magenta](0,2)node[left]{$1$};
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\draw[magenta](4,2)node[right]{$3$};
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\draw[magenta](3,4)node[above]{$2$};
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\draw[magenta](3,0)node[below]{$0$};
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\end{tikzpicture}
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\end{align*}
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\ifthenelse{\equal{\toPrint}{L<EFBFBD>sung}}{%
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%\begin{align}
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%\intertext{Formeln:}
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%\end{align}
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Berechnung:
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\begin{align*}
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\begin{tikzpicture}[scale=1.5]
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\begin{scope}[>=latex,very thick,xshift=0cm,yshift=.5cm,rotate=90]%Stromquelle
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\draw (0,0)--(.367,0) (.5,-.133)--(.5,.133) (.633,0)--(1,0);
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\draw (.5,0)circle(.133);
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\draw [->,red] (.3,-.2)--(.7,-.2) node at (.5,-.2)[right]{$\uline{I}_1$};
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\end{scope}
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\begin{scope}[>=latex,very thick,xshift=1cm,yshift=0cm,rotate=90]
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\draw (0,0)--(.3,0) (.3,-0.0667)rectangle(.7,0.0667) (.7,0)--(1,0)node at (.5,-.0667) [right] {$\uline{Y}_{10}$};
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\end{scope}
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\begin{scope}[>=latex,very thick,xshift=1cm,yshift=1cm,rotate=90]%Stromquelle
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\draw (0,0)--(.367,0) (.5,-.133)--(.5,.133) (.633,0)--(1,0);
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\draw (.5,0)circle(.133);
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\draw [<-,red] (.3,-.2)--(.7,-.2) node at (.5,-.2)[right]{$\uline{I}_2$};
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\end{scope}
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\begin{scope}[>=latex,very thick,xshift=2cm,yshift=1cm,rotate=90]
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\draw (0,0)--(.3,0) (.3,-0.0667)rectangle(.7,0.0667) (.7,0)--(1,0)node at (.5,-.0667) [right] {$\uline{Y}_{12}$};
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\end{scope}
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\begin{scope}[>=latex,very thick,xshift=3cm,yshift=1cm,rotate=90]
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\draw (0,0)--(.3,0) (.3,-0.0667)rectangle(.7,0.0667) (.7,0)--(1,0)node at (.5,-.0667) [right] {$\uline{Y}_{23}$};
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\end{scope}
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\begin{scope}[>=latex,very thick,xshift=4cm,yshift=1cm,rotate=90]%Stromquelle
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\draw (0,0)--(.367,0) (.5,-.133)--(.5,.133) (.633,0)--(1,0);
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\draw (.5,0)circle(.133);
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\draw [<-,red] (.3,-.2)--(.7,-.2) node at (.5,-.2)[right]{$\uline{I}_3$};
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\end{scope}
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\begin{scope}[>=latex,very thick,xshift=2cm,yshift=1cm]%Widerstand
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\draw (0,0)--(.3,0) (.3,-0.0667)rectangle(.7,0.0667) (.7,0)--(1,0)node at (.5,-.0667) [below] {$\uline{Y}_{13}$};
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\end{scope}
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\begin{scope}[>=latex,very thick,xshift=4cm,yshift=0cm,rotate=90]
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\draw (0,0)--(.3,0) (.3,-0.0667)rectangle(.7,0.0667) (.7,0)--(1,0)node at (.5,-.0667) [right] {$\uline{Y}_{30}$};
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\end{scope}
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\begin{scope}[>=latex,very thick,xshift=0cm,yshift=0cm]%Fehlstellen Eckverbindungen.
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\draw (0,.7)--(0,0)--(4,0)--(4,.2) (0,1.3)--(0,2)--(4,2)--(4,1.8)(1,1)--(2,1)
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(3,1)--(4,1);
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\draw[magenta](1,1)node[left]{$1$};
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\draw[magenta](4,1)node[right]{$3$};
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\draw[magenta](2.5,2)node[above]{$2$};
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\draw[magenta](2.5,0)node[below]{$0$};
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\end{scope}
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\end{tikzpicture}
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\end{align*}
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\begin{align*}
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\left[\begin{array}{c}\uline{Y}\\ \end{array} \right]\cdot
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\left[\begin{array}{c}\uline{U}\\ \end{array}\right]
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&=\left[\begin{array}{c} -\sum{\uline{I}_q}\\ \end{array}\right]\\
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\end{align*}
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$\uline{I}_0\stackrel{!}{=}\uline{I}_1$ wegen Gleichgewicht. Abflie<69>ende Quellstr<74>me positiv.
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\clearpage
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\begin{align*}
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G&=\frac{1}{R}=0{,}5\,\milli\siemens\\
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\omega&=2\pi\cdot f=0{,}4\cdot \power{10}{-6}\cdot \frac{1}{\second}\\
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X_C&=\frac{-1}{\omega C}=-0{,}5\,\kilo\ohm\\
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\Rightarrow\quad B_C&=\omega C=2{,}0\,\milli\siemens\\
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X_L&=\omega L=1{,}0\,\kilo\ohm\\
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\Rightarrow\quad B_L&=\frac{-1}{\omega L}=-1{,}0\,\milli\siemens\\[\baselineskip]
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\uline{Y}_{10}&=\frac{1}{R+jX_L}=\frac{1}{(2+j1)\,\kilo\ohm}&=(0{,}4-j0{,}2)\,\milli\siemens\\
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\uline{Y}_{30}&=G+jB_C&=(0{,}5+j2{,}0)\,\milli\siemens\\
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\uline{Y}_{13}&=\frac{1}{R+j(X_L+X_C)}=\frac{1}{[2+j(1-0{,}5)]\,\kilo\ohm}&=(0{,}4706-j0{,}1176)\,\milli\siemens\\
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\uline{Y}_{12}&=jB_C=2\,\milli\siemens\cdot e^{j90\,\degree}&=(0+j2{,}0)\,\milli\siemens\\
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\uline{Y}_{23}&=G&=(0{,}5+j0)\,\milli\siemens\\[\baselineskip]
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\uline{I}_1&=7\,\milli\ampere \cdot e^{j0\,\degree}&=(7-j0)\,\milli\ampere\\
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\uline{I}_2&=\uline{Y}_{12}\cdot \uline{U}_2=2\,\milli\siemens\cdot e^{j90\,\degree}\cdot 3\,\volt\cdot e^{j90\,\degree}=6\,\milli\ampere \cdot e^{j180\,\degree}&=(-6+j0)\,\milli\ampere\\
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\uline{I}_3&=5\,\milli\ampere \cdot e^{-j90\,\degree}&=(0-j5)\,\milli\ampere\\
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\end{align*}
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%\scriptsize
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\begin{align*}
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&\left(
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\begin{array}{ccc}
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\uline{Y}_{10}+\uline{Y}_{12}+\uline{Y}_{13} & -\uline{Y}_{12} & -\uline{Y}_{13} \\
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-\uline{Y}_{12} & \uline{Y}_{12}+\uline{Y}_{23} & -\uline{Y}_{23} \\
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-\uline{Y}_{13} & -\uline{Y}_{23} & \uline{Y}_{30}+\uline{Y}_{13}+\uline{Y}_{23} \\
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\end{array}
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\right)
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\left(
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\begin{array}{c}
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\uline{U}_{10} \\
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\uline{U}_{20} \\
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\uline{U}_{30} \\
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\end{array}
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\right)=
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\left(
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\begin{array}{c}
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\uline{I}_2\\
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\uline{I}_1-\uline{I}_2-\uline{I}_3\\
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\uline{I}_3\\
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\end{array}
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\right)\\
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\end{align*}
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\scriptsize
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\begin{align*}
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&\left(
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\begin{array}{ccc}
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(0{,}8706+j1{,}6824) & (0-j2) & (-0{,}4706+j0{,}1176) \\
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(0-j2) & (0{,}5+j2{,}0) & (0{,}5+j0) \\
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(-0{,}4706-j0{,}1176) & (0{,}5+j0) & (1{,}4706+j1{,}8823) \\
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\end{array}
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\right)\,\milli\siemens
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\left(
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\begin{array}{c}
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\uline{U}_{10} \\
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\uline{U}_{20} \\
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\uline{U}_{30} \\
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\end{array}
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\right)=
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\left(
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\begin{array}{c}
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(6-j0)\\
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(13+j5)\\
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(0-j5)\\
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\end{array}
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\right)\,\milli\ampere
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\end{align*}
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\normalsize
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\clearpage
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}{}%
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