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- # co
-
- [![Gitter][gitter-image]][gitter-url]
- [![NPM version][npm-image]][npm-url]
- [![Build status][travis-image]][travis-url]
- [![Test coverage][coveralls-image]][coveralls-url]
- [![Downloads][downloads-image]][downloads-url]
-
- Generator based control flow goodness for nodejs and the browser,
- using promises, letting you write non-blocking code in a nice-ish way.
-
- ## Co v4
-
- `co@4.0.0` has been released, which now relies on promises.
- It is a stepping stone towards [ES7 async/await](https://github.com/lukehoban/ecmascript-asyncawait).
- The primary API change is how `co()` is invoked.
- Before, `co` returned a "thunk", which you then called with a callback and optional arguments.
- Now, `co()` returns a promise.
-
- ```js
- co(function* () {
- var result = yield Promise.resolve(true);
- return result;
- }).then(function (value) {
- console.log(value);
- }, function (err) {
- console.error(err.stack);
- });
- ```
-
- If you want to convert a `co`-generator-function into a regular function that returns a promise,
- you now use `co.wrap(fn*)`.
-
- ```js
- var fn = co.wrap(function* (val) {
- return yield Promise.resolve(val);
- });
-
- fn(true).then(function (val) {
-
- });
- ```
-
- ## Platform Compatibility
-
- `co@4+` requires a `Promise` implementation.
- For versions of node `< 0.11` and for many older browsers,
- you should/must include your own `Promise` polyfill.
-
- When using node 0.11.x or greater, you must use the `--harmony-generators`
- flag or just `--harmony` to get access to generators.
-
- When using node 0.10.x and lower or browsers without generator support,
- you must use [gnode](https://github.com/TooTallNate/gnode) and/or [regenerator](http://facebook.github.io/regenerator/).
-
- io.js is supported out of the box, you can use `co` without flags or polyfills.
-
- ## Installation
-
- ```
- $ npm install co
- ```
-
- ## Associated libraries
-
- Any library that returns promises work well with `co`.
-
- - [mz](https://github.com/normalize/mz) - wrap all of node's code libraries as promises.
-
- View the [wiki](https://github.com/visionmedia/co/wiki) for more libraries.
-
- ## Examples
-
- ```js
- var co = require('co');
-
- co(function *(){
- // yield any promise
- var result = yield Promise.resolve(true);
- }).catch(onerror);
-
- co(function *(){
- // resolve multiple promises in parallel
- var a = Promise.resolve(1);
- var b = Promise.resolve(2);
- var c = Promise.resolve(3);
- var res = yield [a, b, c];
- console.log(res);
- // => [1, 2, 3]
- }).catch(onerror);
-
- // errors can be try/catched
- co(function *(){
- try {
- yield Promise.reject(new Error('boom'));
- } catch (err) {
- console.error(err.message); // "boom"
- }
- }).catch(onerror);
-
- function onerror(err) {
- // log any uncaught errors
- // co will not throw any errors you do not handle!!!
- // HANDLE ALL YOUR ERRORS!!!
- console.error(err.stack);
- }
- ```
-
- ## Yieldables
-
- The `yieldable` objects currently supported are:
-
- - promises
- - thunks (functions)
- - array (parallel execution)
- - objects (parallel execution)
- - generators (delegation)
- - generator functions (delegation)
-
- Nested `yieldable` objects are supported, meaning you can nest
- promises within objects within arrays, and so on!
-
- ### Promises
-
- [Read more on promises!](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Promise)
-
- ### Thunks
-
- Thunks are functions that only have a single argument, a callback.
- Thunk support only remains for backwards compatibility and may
- be removed in future versions of `co`.
-
- ### Arrays
-
- `yield`ing an array will resolve all the `yieldables` in parallel.
-
- ```js
- co(function* () {
- var res = yield [
- Promise.resolve(1),
- Promise.resolve(2),
- Promise.resolve(3),
- ];
- console.log(res); // => [1, 2, 3]
- }).catch(onerror);
- ```
-
- ### Objects
-
- Just like arrays, objects resolve all `yieldable`s in parallel.
-
- ```js
- co(function* () {
- var res = yield {
- 1: Promise.resolve(1),
- 2: Promise.resolve(2),
- };
- console.log(res); // => { 1: 1, 2: 2 }
- }).catch(onerror);
- ```
-
- ### Generators and Generator Functions
-
- Any generator or generator function you can pass into `co`
- can be yielded as well. This should generally be avoided
- as we should be moving towards spec-compliant `Promise`s instead.
-
- ## API
-
- ### co(fn*).then( val => )
-
- Returns a promise that resolves a generator, generator function,
- or any function that returns a generator.
-
- ```js
- co(function* () {
- return yield Promise.resolve(true);
- }).then(function (val) {
- console.log(val);
- }, function (err) {
- console.error(err.stack);
- });
- ```
-
- ### var fn = co.wrap(fn*)
-
- Convert a generator into a regular function that returns a `Promise`.
-
- ```js
- var fn = co.wrap(function* (val) {
- return yield Promise.resolve(val);
- });
-
- fn(true).then(function (val) {
-
- });
- ```
-
- ## License
-
- MIT
-
- [npm-image]: https://img.shields.io/npm/v/co.svg?style=flat-square
- [npm-url]: https://npmjs.org/package/co
- [travis-image]: https://img.shields.io/travis/tj/co.svg?style=flat-square
- [travis-url]: https://travis-ci.org/tj/co
- [coveralls-image]: https://img.shields.io/coveralls/tj/co.svg?style=flat-square
- [coveralls-url]: https://coveralls.io/r/tj/co
- [downloads-image]: http://img.shields.io/npm/dm/co.svg?style=flat-square
- [downloads-url]: https://npmjs.org/package/co
- [gitter-image]: https://badges.gitter.im/Join%20Chat.svg
- [gitter-url]: https://gitter.im/tj/co?utm_source=badge&utm_medium=badge&utm_campaign=pr-badge&utm_content=badge
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