BotsAI/src/SnakeBot.java

/*
* SnakeBot.
* Eine weitere wichtige Funktion des Rovers ist es, Gesteinsproben zu sammeln.
* Interessante Steine sind im Scan mit einem @ gekennzeichnet.
* Mit jeder aufgesammelten Gesteinsprobe wird an den Rover ein Wagen angehängt, der zukünftig hinter dem Rover mitgezogen wird.
* Die Wagen sind im Scan mit * zu identifizieren.
* Vorsicht: fährt der Rover in einen Wagen, ist er schwer beschädigt und kann keine weiteren Steine mehr sammeln.
* Sie können Ihre Implementierung wieder testen mit:
* docker run --rm -p 63187:63187 mediaeng/bots snakes
* Für diese Funktion wird am 7.2.24 in einer gemeinsamen Arena mit allen Teams des Jahrgangs ein Wettbewerb durchgeführt.
* Die besten acht Teams qualifizieren sich für die Königsdisziplin „Rumble“.
*/

import java.util.Random;

public class SnakeBot extends Bot{
    private String moves = "";
    private boolean frontIsBlocked, backIsBlocked, leftIsBlocked, rightIsBlocked, trapped;
    private char previousTurn = '<';
    private int spiralFactor = 1;
    private char spiralDirection = '>';
    private boolean goesForward = true;
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Bot snakeBot = new SnakeBot(args);
        snakeBot.run();
    }

    protected SnakeBot(String[] args) {
        super(args);
    }

    protected char nextMove(View view) throws Exception {
        boolean stoneDetected = view.data.contains("@");
        char nextMove;

        checkBarriers(view);

        nextMove = stoneDetected ? goToStone(view) : walkBySpiral(view);

        nextMove = checkMove(nextMove);

        saveMove(nextMove);
        return nextMove;
    }

    private void checkBarriers(View view) throws Exception {
        int centerCoordinates = view.width / 2;
        int centerIndex = getCharIndexFromCoordinates(view.width, centerCoordinates, centerCoordinates);

        int frontIndex = getCharIndexFromCoordinates(view.width, centerCoordinates, centerCoordinates - 1);
        int backIndex = getCharIndexFromCoordinates(view.width, centerCoordinates, centerCoordinates + 1);
        int leftIndex = centerIndex - 1;
        int rightIndex = centerIndex + 1;

        char[] obstacles = {'#', '~', 'X', '*'};

        frontIsBlocked = containsChar(obstacles, view.data.charAt(frontIndex));
        backIsBlocked = containsChar(obstacles, view.data.charAt(backIndex));
        leftIsBlocked = containsChar(obstacles, view.data.charAt(leftIndex));
        rightIsBlocked = containsChar(obstacles, view.data.charAt(rightIndex));

        trapped = frontIsBlocked && backIsBlocked && leftIsBlocked && rightIsBlocked;

        if (trapped) {
            Exception trappedException = new Exception("Snake is trapped");
            System.err.println(trappedException.getMessage());
            throw trappedException;
        }
    }

    private boolean containsChar(char[] array, char target) {
        for (char c : array) {
            if (c == target) {
                return true;
            }
        }
        return false;
    }

    private char checkMove(char move) throws Exception {
        if (frontIsBlocked) {
            resetMovesSequence();
            if (leftIsBlocked) move = '>';
            else if (rightIsBlocked) move = '<';
            else if (previousTurn == '<') move = '>';
            else if (previousTurn == '>') move = '<';
            else {
                Exception invalidTurnException = new Exception("The previous turn was neither '<' nor '>'.");
                System.err.println(invalidTurnException.getMessage());
                throw invalidTurnException;
            }
        }
        return move;
    }

    private void saveMove(char move) {
        if (move == '<' || move == '>') {
            previousTurn = move;
        }
    }

    private char walkBySpiral(View view) {
        if (moves.isEmpty()) {
            spiralFactor++;
            moves += "^".repeat(view.width * spiralFactor) + spiralDirection + "^".repeat(view.width * spiralFactor) + spiralDirection;
        }
        char nextMove = moves.charAt(0);
        moves = moves.substring(1);
        return nextMove;
    }

    private char walkByColumns(View view) {
        if(moves.isEmpty()){
            int min = 10;
            int max = 100;

            Random random = new Random();
            int steps = random.nextInt((max - min) + 1) + min;
            //int steps = 32 - view.width;

            moves = "^".repeat(steps);
            moves += (goesForward ? ">" + "^".repeat(view.width) + ">" : "<" + "^".repeat(view.width) + "<");
            goesForward = !goesForward;
        }
        char nextMove = moves.charAt(0);
        moves = moves.substring(1);
        return nextMove;
    }

    private char goToStone(View view) {
        resetMovesSequence();

        int[] frontIndexes = getFrontIndexes(view);
        int[] leftIndexes = getLeftIndexes(view);
        int[] rightIndexes = getRightIndexes(view);

        for (int index : frontIndexes) {
            if (view.data.charAt(index) == '@' && view.data.charAt(index + view.width) != '*' && !frontIsBlocked) return '^';
        }

        for (int index : leftIndexes) {
            if (view.data.charAt(index) == '@' && view.data.charAt(index + 1) != '*' && !leftIsBlocked) return '<';
        }

        for (int index : rightIndexes) {
            if (view.data.charAt(index) == '@' && view.data.charAt(index - 1) != '*' && !rightIsBlocked) return '>';
        }

        return '^';
    }

    private int[] getLeftIndexes(View view) {
        int center = view.width / 2;
        int[] leftIndexes = new int[center];
        int index = 0;

        for (int col = 0; col < center; col++) {
            leftIndexes[index++] = getCharIndexFromCoordinates(view.width, col, center);
        }

        return leftIndexes;
    }

    private int[] getRightIndexes(View view) {
        int center = view.width / 2;
        int[] rightIndexes = new int[center];
        int index = 0;

        for (int col = center + 1; col < view.width; col++) {
            rightIndexes[index++] = getCharIndexFromCoordinates(view.width, col, center);
        }

        return rightIndexes;
    }

    private int[] getFrontIndexes(View view) {
        int center = view.width / 2;
        int[] frontIndexes = new int[center];
        int index = 0;

        for (int row = 0; row < center; row++) {
            frontIndexes[index++] = getCharIndexFromCoordinates(view.width, center, row);
        }

        return frontIndexes;
    }

    private int getCharIndexFromCoordinates(int width, int x, int y) {
        return width * y + x;
    }

    private void resetMovesSequence() {
        moves = "";
        System.out.println("Previous spiralNumber: " + spiralFactor + ". Resetting.");
        spiralFactor = 1;
        spiralDirection = (spiralDirection == '>') ? '<' : '>';
        goesForward = true;
    }
}