Kleine Anpassungen

Der Dalt Algorithmus wird nun von dem Dalt-Button ausgeführt. Gleichzeitig wurde die Funktion showImage geschrieben, um Code zu verschlanken und lediglich die Switchfunktionen simulate und daltonize für die Auswahl der Simulationsart zu nutzen.
PS: Mehrere Bilder zum Testen eingefügt

.idea/Projekt_Dyschromasie.iml

@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
+<module type="PYTHON_MODULE" version="4">
+  <component name="NewModuleRootManager">
+    <content url="file://$MODULE_DIR$" />
+    <orderEntry type="jdk" jdkName="Python 3.8 (2)" jdkType="Python SDK" />
+    <orderEntry type="sourceFolder" forTests="false" />
+  </component>
+</module>

.idea/inspectionProfiles/profiles_settings.xml

@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+<component name="InspectionProjectProfileManager">
+  <settings>
+    <option name="USE_PROJECT_PROFILE" value="false" />
+    <version value="1.0" />
+  </settings>
+</component>

.idea/misc.xml

@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
+<project version="4">
+  <component name="JavaScriptSettings">
+    <option name="languageLevel" value="ES6" />
+  </component>
+  <component name="ProjectRootManager" version="2" project-jdk-name="Python 3.8 (2)" project-jdk-type="Python SDK" />
+</project>

.idea/modules.xml

@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
+<project version="4">
+  <component name="ProjectModuleManager">
+    <modules>
+      <module fileurl="file://$PROJECT_DIR$/.idea/Projekt_Dyschromasie.iml" filepath="$PROJECT_DIR$/.idea/Projekt_Dyschromasie.iml" />
+    </modules>
+  </component>
+</project>

.idea/vcs.xml

@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
+<project version="4">
+  <component name="VcsDirectoryMappings">
+    <mapping directory="$PROJECT_DIR$" vcs="Git" />
+  </component>
+</project>

.idea/workspace.xml

@@ -0,0 +1,105 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
+<project version="4">
+  <component name="ChangeListManager">
+    <list default="true" id="7500fa3a-b013-4e17-984f-eefa85ecceed" name="Default Changelist" comment="" />
+    <option name="SHOW_DIALOG" value="false" />
+    <option name="HIGHLIGHT_CONFLICTS" value="true" />
+    <option name="HIGHLIGHT_NON_ACTIVE_CHANGELIST" value="false" />
+    <option name="LAST_RESOLUTION" value="IGNORE" />
+  </component>
+  <component name="Git.Settings">
+    <option name="RECENT_GIT_ROOT_PATH" value="$PROJECT_DIR$" />
+  </component>
+  <component name="ProjectId" id="1e30iP9BsZRaeOrrN9JBEG6XvPT" />
+  <component name="ProjectLevelVcsManager" settingsEditedManually="true" />
+  <component name="ProjectViewState">
+    <option name="hideEmptyMiddlePackages" value="true" />
+    <option name="showLibraryContents" value="true" />
+  </component>
+  <component name="PropertiesComponent">
+    <property name="RunOnceActivity.OpenProjectViewOnStart" value="true" />
+    <property name="RunOnceActivity.ShowReadmeOnStart" value="true" />
+    <property name="WebServerToolWindowFactoryState" value="false" />
+    <property name="last_opened_file_path" value="$PROJECT_DIR$" />
+    <property name="settings.editor.selected.configurable" value="com.jetbrains.python.configuration.PyActiveSdkModuleConfigurable" />
+  </component>
+  <component name="RunManager">
+    <configuration name="Dyschromasie" type="PythonConfigurationType" factoryName="Python" temporary="true" nameIsGenerated="true">
+      <module name="Projekt_Dyschromasie" />
+      <option name="INTERPRETER_OPTIONS" value="" />
+      <option name="PARENT_ENVS" value="true" />
+      <envs>
+        <env name="PYTHONUNBUFFERED" value="1" />
+      </envs>
+      <option name="SDK_HOME" value="" />
+      <option name="WORKING_DIRECTORY" value="$PROJECT_DIR$/Code" />
+      <option name="IS_MODULE_SDK" value="true" />
+      <option name="ADD_CONTENT_ROOTS" value="true" />
+      <option name="ADD_SOURCE_ROOTS" value="true" />
+      <EXTENSION ID="PythonCoverageRunConfigurationExtension" runner="coverage.py" />
+      <option name="SCRIPT_NAME" value="$PROJECT_DIR$/Code/Dyschromasie.py" />
+      <option name="PARAMETERS" value="" />
+      <option name="SHOW_COMMAND_LINE" value="false" />
+      <option name="EMULATE_TERMINAL" value="false" />
+      <option name="MODULE_MODE" value="false" />
+      <option name="REDIRECT_INPUT" value="false" />
+      <option name="INPUT_FILE" value="" />
+      <method v="2" />
+    </configuration>
+    <recent_temporary>
+      <list>
+        <item itemvalue="Python.Dyschromasie" />
+      </list>
+    </recent_temporary>
+  </component>
+  <component name="SvnConfiguration">
+    <configuration />
+  </component>
+  <component name="TaskManager">
+    <task active="true" id="Default" summary="Default task">
+      <changelist id="7500fa3a-b013-4e17-984f-eefa85ecceed" name="Default Changelist" comment="" />
+      <created>1593535095255</created>
+      <option name="number" value="Default" />
+      <option name="presentableId" value="Default" />
+      <updated>1593535095255</updated>
+      <workItem from="1593535098710" duration="1145000" />
+      <workItem from="1593601045161" duration="890000" />
+      <workItem from="1593693652245" duration="183000" />
+      <workItem from="1593852460532" duration="308000" />
+      <workItem from="1594452919558" duration="449000" />
+    </task>
+    <servers />
+  </component>
+  <component name="TypeScriptGeneratedFilesManager">
+    <option name="version" value="2" />
+  </component>
+  <component name="WindowStateProjectService">
+    <state x="739" y="275" key="FileChooserDialogImpl" timestamp="1593535189103">
+      <screen x="0" y="0" width="1920" height="1040" />
+    </state>
+    <state x="739" y="275" key="FileChooserDialogImpl/0.0.1920.1040/-1920.109.1920.1040@0.0.1920.1040" timestamp="1593535189103" />
+    <state width="1877" height="282" key="GridCell.Tab.0.bottom" timestamp="1594453344568">
+      <screen x="0" y="0" width="1920" height="1040" />
+    </state>
+    <state width="1877" height="282" key="GridCell.Tab.0.bottom/0.0.1920.1040/-1920.109.1920.1040@0.0.1920.1040" timestamp="1594453344568" />
+    <state width="1877" height="282" key="GridCell.Tab.0.center" timestamp="1594453344568">
+      <screen x="0" y="0" width="1920" height="1040" />
+    </state>
+    <state width="1877" height="282" key="GridCell.Tab.0.center/0.0.1920.1040/-1920.109.1920.1040@0.0.1920.1040" timestamp="1594453344568" />
+    <state width="1877" height="282" key="GridCell.Tab.0.left" timestamp="1594453344567">
+      <screen x="0" y="0" width="1920" height="1040" />
+    </state>
+    <state width="1877" height="282" key="GridCell.Tab.0.left/0.0.1920.1040/-1920.109.1920.1040@0.0.1920.1040" timestamp="1594453344567" />
+    <state width="1877" height="282" key="GridCell.Tab.0.right" timestamp="1594453344568">
+      <screen x="0" y="0" width="1920" height="1040" />
+    </state>
+    <state width="1877" height="282" key="GridCell.Tab.0.right/0.0.1920.1040/-1920.109.1920.1040@0.0.1920.1040" timestamp="1594453344568" />
+    <state x="461" y="165" key="SettingsEditor" timestamp="1593535127245">
+      <screen x="0" y="0" width="1920" height="1040" />
+    </state>
+    <state x="461" y="165" key="SettingsEditor/0.0.1920.1040/-1920.109.1920.1040@0.0.1920.1040" timestamp="1593535127245" />
+  </component>
+  <component name="com.intellij.coverage.CoverageDataManagerImpl">
+    <SUITE FILE_PATH="coverage/Projekt_Dyschromasie$Dyschromasie.coverage" NAME="Dyschromasie Coverage Results" MODIFIED="1594453344546" SOURCE_PROVIDER="com.intellij.coverage.DefaultCoverageFileProvider" RUNNER="coverage.py" COVERAGE_BY_TEST_ENABLED="true" COVERAGE_TRACING_ENABLED="false" WORKING_DIRECTORY="$PROJECT_DIR$/Code" />
+  </component>
+</project>

Code/Dyschromasie-Applikation.py

@@ -0,0 +1,116 @@
+from PIL import Image, ImageTk
+import PIL
+import tkinter as tk
+import cv2
+import numpy as np
+from Farbaenderung import Dyschromasie
+from Scrollbar import ScrollFrame
+
+root = tk.Tk()
+simGrad = tk.IntVar(root)
+
+root.title("Projekt Dyschromasie")
+
+SB = ScrollFrame(root)
+
+img = np.array([])
+rows = 0
+cols = 0
+kanaele = 0
+
+sim_pro = tk.IntVar(root)
+sim_deut = tk.IntVar(root)
+sim_tri = tk.IntVar(root)
+
+simulationsGradient = tk.Scale(SB.frame, from_=0, to_=100, variable=simGrad, orient='horizontal')
+simulationsGradient.grid(column=0, row=1, columnspan=10)
+
+
+def browse():
+    # Auswahl des FilePaths
+    try:
+        path = tk.filedialog.askopenfilename(filetypes=[("Image File", '.jpg'), ("Image File", '.png')])
+        im = Image.open(path)
+    except:
+        tk.messagebox.showerror(title='Datenfehler', message='Kein Bild gefunden/ausgewählt')
+    global simulateButton
+    if len(path) > 0:
+        simulateButton.config(state='active')
+        daltonButton.config(state='active')
+
+        # Anzeigen des Bildes
+        tkimage = ImageTk.PhotoImage(im)
+        myvar = tk.Label(SB.frame, image=tkimage)
+        myvar.image = tkimage
+        myvar.grid(columnspan=5)
+
+        # Einspeichern der Path-Informationen
+        global img, rows, cols, kanaele
+        img = cv2.imread(path)
+        img = cv2.cvtColor(img, cv2.COLOR_BGR2RGB)
+        rows, cols, kanaele = img.shape
+
+
+def showImage(img, rows, cols, kanaele, sim_faktor, sim_kind, sim_art):
+    color_blindness = Dyschromasie(img, rows, cols, kanaele, sim_faktor, sim_kind)
+    if sim_art == 'Sim':
+        color_blindness_mat = np.copy(color_blindness.Simulate()).astype('uint8')
+    else:
+        color_blindness_mat = np.copy(color_blindness.daltonize()).astype('uint8')
+
+    T = tk.Text(SB.frame, height=1, width=15)
+    T.grid(columnspan=5)
+    print_string = sim_kind + ' ' + str(round(color_blindness.sim_faktor * 100)) + "%"
+    T.insert('current', print_string)
+
+    conv_SimulationPic = ImageTk.PhotoImage(image=PIL.Image.fromarray(color_blindness_mat))
+    sim_pic = tk.Label(SB.frame, image=conv_SimulationPic)
+    sim_pic.Image = conv_SimulationPic
+    sim_pic.grid(columnspan=5)
+
+
+def simulate():
+    global img, rows, cols, kanaele, sim_pro, sim_deut, sim_tri
+    if sim_deut.get():
+        showImage(img, rows, cols, kanaele, simGrad.get()/100, 'Deuteranop', 'Sim')
+
+    elif sim_tri.get():
+        showImage(img, rows, cols, kanaele, simGrad.get() / 100, 'Tritanop', 'Sim')
+
+    elif sim_pro.get():
+        showImage(img, rows, cols, kanaele, simGrad.get() / 100, 'Protanop', 'Sim')
+
+
+def daltonize():
+    global img, rows, cols, kanaele, sim_pro, sim_deut, sim_tri
+    if sim_deut.get():
+        showImage(img, rows, cols, kanaele, simGrad.get()/100, 'Deuteranop', 'Dalt')
+
+    elif sim_tri.get():
+        showImage(img, rows, cols, kanaele, simGrad.get() / 100, 'Tritanop', 'Dalt')
+
+    elif sim_pro.get():
+        showImage(img, rows, cols, kanaele, simGrad.get() / 100, 'Protanop', 'Dalt')
+
+
+browseButton = tk.Button(SB.frame, text="Browse", width=25, command=browse, bg='light blue')
+browseButton.grid(column=0, row=0, columnspan=1)
+
+simulateButton = tk.Button(SB.frame, text="Simulate", width=25, command=simulate, bg='light blue')
+simulateButton.grid(column=1, row=0, columnspan=1)
+simulateButton.config(state='disabled')
+
+daltonButton = tk.Button(SB.frame, text="Daltonize", width=25, command=daltonize, bg='light blue')
+daltonButton.grid(column=2, row=0, columnspan=1)
+daltonButton.config(state='disabled')
+
+checkButton_p = tk.Checkbutton(SB.frame, text="Protanop", variable=sim_pro, onvalue=1, offvalue=0, height=5, width=20)
+checkButton_d = tk.Checkbutton(SB.frame, text="Deutanop", variable=sim_deut, onvalue=1, offvalue=0, height=5, width=20)
+checkButton_t = tk.Checkbutton(SB.frame, text="Tritanop", variable=sim_tri, onvalue=1, offvalue=0, height=5, width=20)
+
+checkButton_p.grid(column=0, row=2)
+checkButton_d.grid(column=1, row=2)
+checkButton_t.grid(column=2, row=2)
+
+SB.update()
+root.mainloop()

Code/Dyschromasie.py

@@ -2,17 +2,17 @@ import cv2  # OpenCV fuer Bildbearbeitung
 import tkinter  # Zum Erstellen von GUIs
 import numpy as np  # Numpy Import
 import sys
+from PIL import Image, ImageTk    #Wichtig zum Anzeigen der Bilder im GUI
 
 # Einlesen des Bildes
 script_dir = sys.path[0]
-path = script_dir[:-4] + "Beispielbilder\lena.jpg"
-image = cv2.imread(path)  # Einlesen des Bildes (noch hardcodiert, sollte dann in GUI gehen)
+path = script_dir[:-4] + "Beispielbilder\grocery_store.jpg"
+image = cv2.cvtColor(cv2.imread(path),cv2.COLOR_BGR2RGB)  # Einlesen des Bildes (noch hardcodiert, sollte dann in GUI gehen)
 
 rows = image.shape[0]  # Auslesen der Zeilenanzahl
 cols = image.shape[1]  # Auslesen der Spaltenanzahl
 kanaele = image.shape[2]  # Auslesen der Kanaele (3 fuer RGB, 1 fuer Graubild)
 
-
 def gammaCorrection(v):
     if v <= 0.04045 * 255:
         return float(((v / 255) / 12.92))
@@ -32,7 +32,6 @@ def reverseGammaCorrection(v_reverse):
         print("Ungültiger Wert!!!")
         return 1
 
-
 cb_image = np.copy(image)  # Kopie des Bildarrays
 cb_image = cb_image.astype('float64')  # Casting des Arrays auf Float
 
@@ -62,14 +61,7 @@ T_reversed = np.array([[5.47221206, -4.6419601, 0.16963708],
                        [-1.1252419, 2.29317094, -0.1678952],
                        [0.02980165, -0.19318073, 1.16364789]])
 
-# Multiplikation der einzelnen Pixelwerte
-for i in range(rows):
-    for j in range(cols):
-        cb_image[i, j] = T.dot(cb_image[i, j])
-
-# Simulationsmatrizen fuer Protanop
-
-S_b = np.array([[0, 1.05118294, -0.05116099],  #Simulationsmatrix fuer Protanopie
+S_p = np.array([[0, 1.05118294, -0.05116099],  #Simulationsmatrix fuer Protanopie
                 [0, 1, 0],
                 [0, 0, 1]])
 
@@ -81,11 +73,21 @@ S_t = np.array([[1, 0, 0],                     #Simulationsmatrix fuer Tritanopi
                 [0, 1, 0],
                 [-0.86744736, 1.86727089, 0]])
 
-#choice = input("Bitte geben Sie den Typ der zu simulierenden Farbblindheit an:(B,D,T)")
 
+#Multiplikation der einzelnen Pixel
+for i in range(rows):
+    for j in range(cols):
+        cb_image[i,j] = T_reversed.dot(S_t).dot(T).dot(cb_image[i,j])
 
+sim_image = np.copy(cb_image)
+sim_image = sim_image.astype('uint8')
 
+#Rücktransformation der Gammawerte
+for i in range(rows):
+    for j in range(cols):
+        for x in range(3):
+            sim_image[i, j, x] = reverseGammaCorrection(cb_image[i, j, x])
 
 cv2.namedWindow("Display")  # Displaywindow erstellen
-cv2.imshow("Display", image)  # Bild zeigen
+cv2.imshow("Display", cv2.cvtColor(sim_image,cv2.COLOR_RGB2BGR))  # Bild zeigen
 cv2.waitKey(0)  # Fenster offen halten

Code/Farbaenderung.py

@@ -0,0 +1,126 @@
+import numpy as np
+import cv2
+
+
+def createGammaLookup():
+    return np.array([removeGammaCorrection(i) for i in np.arange(0, 256)]).astype("float64")
+
+
+def createReverseGammaLookup():
+    return np.array([applyGammaCorrection(i / 255) for i in np.arange(0.0, 256.0)]).astype("uint8")
+
+
+def removeGammaCorrection(v):
+    if v <= 0.04045 * 255:
+        return (v / 255) / 12.92
+    elif v > 0.04045 * 255:
+        return (((v / 255) + 0.055) / 1.055) ** 2.4
+
+
+def applyGammaCorrection(v_reverse):
+    if abs(v_reverse) <= 0.0031308:
+        return round(255 * (12.92 * abs(v_reverse)))
+    else:
+        if (round(255 * (1.055 * abs(v_reverse) ** 0.41666 - 0.055))) > 255:
+            return 255 - (round(255 * (1.055 * abs(v_reverse) ** 0.41666 - 0.055)) - 255)
+        else:
+            return round(255 * (1.055 * abs(v_reverse) ** 0.41666 - 0.055))
+
+
+class Dyschromasie:
+    cb_image = np.array([]).astype('float64')
+    sim_image = np.array([]).astype('int64')
+
+    def __init__(self, img_mat=np.array([]), rows=0, cols=0, kanaele=0, sim_faktor=0, sim_kind='Deuteranop'):
+        self.rows = rows
+        self.cols = cols
+        self.kanaele = kanaele
+        self.img_mat = img_mat
+        self.sim_faktor = sim_faktor
+        self.sim_kind = sim_kind
+
+    T = np.array([[0.31399022, 0.63951294, 0.04649755],
+                  [0.15537241, 0.75789446, 0.08670142],
+                  [0.01775239, 0.10944209, 0.87256922]])
+
+    T_reversed = np.array([[5.47221206, -4.6419601, 0.16963708],
+                           [-1.1252419, 2.29317094, -0.1678952],
+                           [0.02980165, -0.19318073, 1.16364789]])
+
+    def Simulate(self):
+        removeGammaCorrectionLUT = createGammaLookup()
+
+        if self.sim_kind == 'Protanop':
+            sim_mat = np.array([[(1 - self.sim_faktor), 1.05118294 * self.sim_faktor, -0.05116099 * self.sim_faktor],
+                                [0, 1, 0],
+                                [0, 0, 1]])
+        elif self.sim_kind == 'Deuteranop':
+            sim_mat = np.array([[1, 0, 0],
+                                [0.9513092 * self.sim_faktor, (1 - self.sim_faktor), 0.04866992 * self.sim_faktor],
+                                [0, 0, 1]])
+        elif self.sim_kind == 'Tritanop':
+            sim_mat = np.array([[1, 0, 0],
+                                [0, 1, 0],
+                                [-0.86744736 * self.sim_faktor, 1.86727089 * self.sim_faktor, (1 - self.sim_faktor)]])
+
+        # Gammakorrektur durchfuehren
+        self.cb_image = np.copy(self.img_mat).astype('float64')
+
+        self.cb_image = cv2.LUT(self.img_mat, removeGammaCorrectionLUT)
+
+        rechen_Mat = np.copy(self.T_reversed.dot(sim_mat).dot(self.T))
+
+        # Einzelne Pixelwertberechnung
+        for i in range(self.rows):
+            for j in range(self.cols):
+                self.cb_image[i, j] = rechen_Mat.dot(self.cb_image[i, j])
+
+        self.sim_image = np.copy(self.cb_image)
+        self.sim_image = self.sim_image.astype('int64')
+        # Rücktransformation der Gammawerte
+        for i in range(self.rows):
+            for j in range(self.cols):
+                for x in range(3):
+                    self.sim_image[i, j, x] = applyGammaCorrection(self.cb_image[i, j, x])
+
+        return self.sim_image.astype('uint8')
+
+    def daltonize(self):
+
+        err2mod = np.array([[0, 0, 0], [0.7, 1, 0], [0.7, 0, 1]])
+        simulated_image = self.Simulate()
+
+        E = np.copy(simulated_image).astype('int32')
+        for i in range(self.rows):
+            for j in range(self.cols):
+                for x in range(3):
+                    E[i, j, x] = abs(int(self.img_mat[i, j, x]) - int(simulated_image[i, j, x]))
+
+        ERR = np.zeros_like(self.img_mat).astype('int32')
+
+        for i in range(self.rows):
+            for j in range(self.cols):
+                err = E[i, j, :3]
+                ERR[i, j, :3] = np.dot(err2mod, err)
+
+        dtpn = np.copy(self.img_mat).astype('int32')
+
+        for i in range(self.rows):
+            for j in range(self.cols):
+                for x in range(3):
+                    dtpn[i, j, x] = abs(int(ERR[i, j, x]) + int(self.img_mat[i, j, x]))
+
+        for i in range(self.rows):
+            for j in range(self.cols):
+                dtpn[i, j, 0] = max(0, dtpn[i, j, 0])
+                dtpn[i, j, 0] = min(255, dtpn[i, j, 0])
+                dtpn[i, j, 1] = max(0, dtpn[i, j, 1])
+                dtpn[i, j, 1] = min(255, dtpn[i, j, 1])
+                dtpn[i, j, 2] = max(0, dtpn[i, j, 2])
+                dtpn[i, j, 2] = min(255, dtpn[i, j, 2])
+
+        result = dtpn.astype('uint8')
+
+        dalt = Dyschromasie(result, self.rows, self.cols, self.kanaele, self.sim_faktor, self.sim_kind)
+        return dalt.Simulate()
+

Code/Scrollbar.py

@@ -0,0 +1,59 @@
+import tkinter as tk
+from tkinter import filedialog, messagebox
+
+class AutoScrollbar(tk.Scrollbar):
+   # A scrollbar that hides itself if it's not needed.
+   # Only works if you use the grid geometry manager!
+    def set(self, lo, hi):
+        if float(lo) <= 0.0 and float(hi) >= 1.0:
+            # grid_remove is currently missing from Tkinter!
+            self.tk.call("grid", "remove", self)
+        else:
+            self.grid()
+        tk.Scrollbar.set(self, lo, hi)
+    def pack(self, **kw):
+        raise TclError("cannot use pack with this widget")
+    def place(self, **kw):
+        raise TclError("cannot use place with this widget")
+
+class ScrollFrame:
+    def __init__(self, master):
+
+        self.vscrollbar = AutoScrollbar(master)
+        self.vscrollbar.grid(row=0, column=1, sticky='ns')
+        self.hscrollbar = AutoScrollbar(master, orient='horizontal')
+        self.hscrollbar.grid(row=1, column=0, sticky='ew')
+
+        self.canvas = tk.Canvas(master, yscrollcommand=self.vscrollbar.set,
+                        xscrollcommand=self.hscrollbar.set)
+        self.canvas.grid(row=0, column=0, sticky='nsew')
+
+        self.vscrollbar.config(command=self.canvas.yview)
+        self.hscrollbar.config(command=self.canvas.xview)
+
+        # make the canvas expandable
+        master.grid_rowconfigure(0, weight=1)
+        master.grid_columnconfigure(0, weight=1)
+
+        # create frame inside canvas
+        self.frame = tk.Frame(self.canvas)
+        self.frame.rowconfigure(1, weight=1)
+        self.frame.columnconfigure(1, weight=1)
+
+        # update the frame
+        self.frame.bind("<Configure>", self.reset_scrollregion)
+
+    def reset_scrollregion(self, event):
+        self.canvas.configure(scrollregion=self.canvas.bbox('all'))
+
+    def update(self):
+        self.canvas.create_window(0, 0, anchor='nw', window=self.frame)
+        self.frame.update_idletasks()
+        self.canvas.config(scrollregion=self.canvas.bbox("all"))
+
+        if self.frame.winfo_reqwidth() != self.canvas.winfo_width():
+            # update the canvas's width to fit the inner frame
+            self.canvas.config(width = self.frame.winfo_reqwidth())
+        if self.frame.winfo_reqheight() != self.canvas.winfo_height():
+            # update the canvas's width to fit the inner frame
+            self.canvas.config(height = self.frame.winfo_reqheight())